一种新型纤维装饰墙板的开发与阻燃性能研究
发布时间:2018-05-26 06:44
本文选题:纤维装饰墙板 + 竹浆 ; 参考:《浙江理工大学》2010年硕士论文
【摘要】: 室内墙面装饰材料是建筑装饰的重要组成部分,是目前新型建材的发展热点和重要的发展领域。目前,市场上现有的原料为植物纤维的装饰板大多以人造板为基材并进行表面装饰后使用,一般厚度较大,造成原材料浪费,空间占据较大,且生产安装过程繁琐,效率低下。为此,为满足人们对装饰材料量的需求及品质等各方面的要求,我们研发了一种新型纤维装饰墙板,并重点对其阻燃性能进行了研究。 本论文根据人们对装饰墙板“人性化”的要求,设计了新型纤维装饰墙板的外观结构及配套的模具,利用竹浆原料生产新型纤维装饰墙板,通过对其生产技术工艺路线、生产工艺参数、质量检测项目和检测方法的确定,并重点对阻燃性能进行了研究,结果显示如下: (1)根据现代生活对装饰墙板的要求并结合实际情况,设计新型纤维装饰墙板的规格尺寸为:长宽为460×460 mm,凸凹度为5 mm,厚度一般控制在1.2~3.0 mm。 (2)确定了新型纤维装饰墙板的生产工艺,主要流程包括:制浆、配浆、吸滤成型、热压定型及整型切边。并在兼顾新型纤维装饰墙板质量与其生产效率的基础上确定生产工艺参数如下:疏浆时间,25 min;吸滤时间,24 s;冷压时间,1 s;热压时间,45 s;热压延续时间,15~90 s;冷压合模压力,30 kN;热压合模压力,132 kN;上模具温度,160~170℃;下模具温度,180~200℃。 (3)通过对新型纤维装饰墙板与壁纸、人造板进行参照比较,得出新型纤维装饰墙板的质量检测项目及各项参考指标,主要包括:密度、含水率、吸水率、吸水厚度膨胀率及内结合强度等物理性能测定,甲醛释放量测定和阻燃性能氧指数的测定。 (4)通过制备手抄片的方法对各类阻燃剂的阻燃性能进行探索性研究,得出阻燃剂添加过程中采用先打浆后添加的顺序,可在一定程度上减少实验过程中阻燃剂的流失,利于整个实验进程。另外,得出无机阻燃剂与远大有机型商用阻燃剂相比,除了同样具备环保性外,其留着率较高且成本较低。 (5)通过对无阻燃剂的新型纤维装饰墙板以及分别添加Al(OH)_3单一阻燃体系、Al(OH)_3/Mg(OH)_2双组分复配体系和Al(OH)_3/Mg(OH)_2/硼酸锌ZB多组分复配体系后的新型纤维装饰墙板的阻燃性能、物理性能、甲醛释放量等进行了分析和对比研究,并采用综合分析法讨论不同的阻燃剂组合体系对新型纤维装饰墙板的整体质量的影响,得出了最优组合为:25%氢氧化铝、15%硼酸锌与30%氢氧化镁的复配组合。此种阻燃剂配比下得到的新型纤维装饰墙板的阻燃性能氧指数为34.4,超过了日本工业规格标准《JIS A1322建筑用薄材料的难燃性试验方法》规定的难燃一级(氧指数≥30)的最低氧指数限制;其甲醛释放量达到E0级,满足阻燃效果的同时也满足了环保的要求。 综上所述,本论文研究了以竹浆为原料的新型纤维装饰墙板,并通过阻燃性能研究得到了较优无机无卤阻燃剂配方,制备出了环保且具阻燃性能的新型纤维装饰墙板,不仅为室内装饰墙板材料的生产提供了一条新的工艺技术路线,也为新型纤维装饰墙板的进一步优化研究和规模化生产以及其质量测定方法改进等研究提供理论依据。
[Abstract]:Interior wall decoration material is an important part of building decoration , it is the development hot spot and important development field of new building materials . At present , the existing raw materials in the market are made of artificial board as base material and used after surface decoration , the general thickness is large , the raw material is wasted , space occupies large , and the production and installation process is complicated , the efficiency is low . To this end , to meet the demand and quality of decoration material quantity , we have developed a new kind of fiber decorative wallboard , and focus on its flame retardant property .
According to the requirement of " humanization " of decorative wallboard , this paper designs the appearance structure and matching mold of the new type of fiber decorative wallboard , and makes use of bamboo pulp raw materials to produce a new type of fiber decorative wallboard . Through the determination of the technical route , production process parameters , quality inspection items and detection methods of the new type of fiber decorative wallboard , the article mainly studies the flame retardant property , and the result shows as follows :
( 1 ) According to the requirements of modern life on decorative wallboard and combining with the actual situation , the specification and dimensions of the new type of fiber decorative wallboard are : 460 脳 460 mm in length , 5 mm in convexity and 1.2 - 3.0 mm in thickness .
( 2 ) The production process of the new type of fiber decorative wallboard is determined . The main flow includes : pulping , pulping , suction filtration , hot pressing and shaping and trimming . The production process parameters are as follows : pulping time , 25 min , suction filtration time , 24 s , cold pressing time , 1 s , hot pressing time , 45 s , hot pressing extension time , pressure of hot pressing , cold pressing mold pressure , 30 kN , hot pressing mold pressure , 132 kN , upper mold temperature , 160 - 170 鈩,
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