重组装饰材模具的数字化设计与应用研究

发布时间：2018-06-11 11:35

本文选题：重组装饰材 + 木材纹理　；参考：《南京林业大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：重组装饰材是一种新型木质复合装饰材料,它的开发应用,为速生和普通树种木材的利用开辟了新途径,有效地解决了高档珍贵木材这一稀缺资源的供需矛盾,同时也丰富了木质装饰材料的品种,推动了木质材料表面装饰的研究和发展。重组装饰材纹理形状的好坏直接影响着产品的质量,因此,本文使用计算机仿真技术对多种重组装饰材的纹理及其模具进行了数字化设计与研究,为重组装饰材纹理库和模具库的建立打下了基础。设计的木材纹理及模具能够直接应用于生产。根据设计素材和花纹图案的来源不同,重组装饰材可以分成仿天然木材系列和艺术图案系列两大类。本文对径切、弦切、特殊纹理等仿天然木材纹理以及艺术图案的重组装饰材模具进行了设计,首先通过纹理识别的方法将珍贵树种的花纹图片进行矢量化处理,并对其进行分析、计算得到模拟此纹理所需的模具形状、单板厚度和刨切角度等参数。然后在矢量化所得到的二维线条(纹理)基础上,结合计算所得的结果,生成构成模具曲面的截面线及交叉线,由此进行模具曲面的三维造型。采用计算所得的刨切角度,依托三维软件进行木方的模拟刨切,通过对曲面的不断调整,使生成的纹理达到满意的效果。同时,还可以在已有模具的基础上,通过改变组坯方式和刨切角度等工艺参数,得到完全不同于天然木材的纹理,形成与众不同的装饰效果。本文选择了所设计的樱桃木树根纹理的模具进行了曲面特征分析,了解曲面是否有干涉现象；同时对曲面的曲率半径和凹凸程度进行分析,为模具的数控加工及后续的压力传递试验和模压试验提供依据。并选择了环氧酚醛层压玻璃布板材,采用数控铣削加工方式制造出了樱桃木树根纹理的模具。利用有限元分析软件对樱桃木树根纹理模具及单板进行了应力分析,表明：模压过程中的压力对模具的影响不大,但模压后的单板有较大的残余应力,容易回弹。采用了半径从R10到R50的9种不同的球面模具对不同层数的单板(厚度0.8mm)进行了压力传递试验,表明：随着模具曲率半径的增大和压制单板层数的增加,所需压力也逐渐增大,而单板的断裂情况有所缓和；但当单板数达到30层后,靠近凸模的单板被压溃变薄,压力传递无法进行,靠近凹模的单板不能在压力的作用下随模具弯曲。采用所设计和制造的樱桃木树根纹理模具进行了重组装饰材木方的模压和单板刨切试验,结果表明：试制的樱桃木树根单板纹理与源图纹理一致,从而验证了所设计的重组装饰材模具是正确的,本文所采用的重组装饰材纹理与模具的数字化设计方法是可行的,能够满足生产的需要。
[Abstract]:Reconstituted decorative wood is a new type of wood composite decoration material. Its development and application have opened up a new way for the utilization of fast-growing and common wood species, and effectively solved the contradiction between supply and demand of high-grade precious wood, which is a scarce resource. At the same time, it enriches the variety of wood decorative materials and promotes the research and development of wood surface decoration. The texture shape of reconstituted decorative material has a direct impact on the quality of the product. Therefore, this paper uses the computer simulation technology to design and study the texture and mould of many kinds of reconstituted decorative materials digitally. It lays a foundation for the establishment of texture database and mould library. The designed wood texture and mould can be directly used in production. According to the source of design materials and pattern patterns, the reconstituted decorative materials can be divided into two categories: natural wood series and artistic pattern series. In this paper, the natural wood texture and the art pattern are designed. Firstly, the patterns of precious tree species are vectorized by texture recognition. The die shape, veneer thickness and planing angle needed to simulate the texture were calculated. Then on the basis of the two-dimensional lines (textures) obtained by vectorization and combined with the calculated results, the cross section lines and cross lines of the die surface are generated, and the 3D modeling of the die surface is carried out. By using the calculated planing angle and relying on the 3D software to simulate the planing of wood, the texture produced is satisfied by the continuous adjustment of the curved surface. At the same time, on the basis of the existing mould, we can obtain the texture which is completely different from the natural wood by changing the process parameters, such as the form of the billet and the angle of planing. In this paper, the mold of cherry tree root texture is selected to analyze the surface features to find out whether the surface interacts with each other, and the curvature radius and concave convex degree of the surface are also analyzed. It provides the basis for the NC machining of the die, the subsequent pressure transfer test and the moulding test. The epoxy phenolic laminated glass cloth sheet is also selected. The mould of cherry tree root texture was manufactured by numerical control milling. The stress analysis of cherry tree root texture mould and veneer was carried out by using finite element analysis software. The results showed that the pressure in the molding process had little effect on the mold. However, the molded veneer has large residual stress and is easy to rebound. Nine different spherical dies with radius from R10 to R50 are used to test the pressure transfer of veneer with different layers (0.8 mm thickness). The results show that with the increase of the radius of curvature of die and the number of veneer layers, the required pressure increases gradually, and the fracture of veneer is relaxed, but when the number of veneers reaches 30 layers, the veneer near the convex die is crushed and thinned. The pressure transfer could not be carried out, and the veneer near the concave die could not bend with the die under the action of pressure. The moulding and veneer planing tests of the reconstituted decorative wood were carried out by using the designed and manufactured cherry tree root texture mould. The results show that the texture of cherry tree root veneer is the same as the texture of the source map, which verifies the correctness of the design of the mould, and the digitized design method of the texture and mould of the reconstituted decorative material used in this paper is feasible. Be able to meet the needs of production.
【学位授予单位】：南京林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TS65

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