辽宁地区满族传统建筑装饰特色研究

发布时间：2018-06-19 07:03

本文选题：满族 + 传统建筑　；参考：《广东工业大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：满族是我国具有悠久历史的少数民族之一,曾经作为清王朝的统治者,是中国历史上第二个建立起全国统一政权的少数民族,在中国政治、历史、文化、建筑以及民间艺术等方面都留下了深深的烙印和影响,他们一直为中华民族的繁荣昌盛和民族大团结做着自己的贡献。满族也是个古老的民族,满族先世早在我国夏、商、周时代就见于史册,称肃慎人,世代生活在我国东北“白山黑水”之间。满族文化经历了悠长的历史历程,在多种文化相互融合的发展过程中形成了自己独特的特点。在这种文化状态下,满族传统建筑形式经历了阶段性的发展,从最古老的夏则巢居,冬则穴居的生存形式到土阶茅屋,再到庭院式的出现及清朝中后期出现的建筑形态。这些建筑既具有典型的满族建筑特色,又吸收了汉、藏、蒙等民族的文化精髓,并将多种建造艺术手法相融合,铸就了古代建筑史上的一次跨越,也为后代留下了珍贵的物质文化遗产。研究满族建筑装饰艺术有较强的代表性和实用价值。建筑装饰是一个广泛而又普遍的文化艺术现象,不同时代的历史、文化都在建筑中留下深远的“图章”,这些印记除了保留在建筑的结构中,还有大量的讯息凝集在建筑的装饰中。建筑中的雕琢、纹样、色彩等,都将成为我们剖析和理解的建筑风格、类别和文化底蕴的至关重要的信息。本文主要以辽宁地区有代表性的满族宫殿建筑盛京皇宫和清永陵为主线进行实地调研,相关满族民居等资料的收集做为辅助。通过大量的文献和图片资料的收集,以及实地调查,对满族装饰艺术加以分析萃取,从影响满族传统民居建筑的地域环境、空间组织,再到满族宫殿建筑的装饰特点、装饰纹样、装饰色彩及材料等方面进行研究。从而了解其承载的历史与文化,为更深一步的研究提供完备而翔实的资料,对该领域的这些缺失予以及时的补充。并试图发掘一些对于满族建筑装饰艺术的保护措施和方法,以及如何继承和发扬传统的合理成份提供相应的探索与思考,最后希望通过本人的研究能够对满族装饰艺术传承发展提供借鉴。
[Abstract]:Manchu is one of the ethnic minorities with a long history in China. It was once the ruler of the Qing Dynasty and was the second ethnic minority in Chinese history to establish a unified national regime. In Chinese politics, history, culture, Architecture and folk art have left deep imprint and influence, they have been making their own contribution to the prosperity of the Chinese nation and the great unity of the nation. Manchu is also an ancient ethnic group, Manchu preexistence in our country as early as summer, Shang, Zhou Dynasty in the annals, said Su-Shen people, generations living in the northeast of China between "white mountains and black waters". Manchu culture has experienced a long history and formed its own unique characteristics in the process of the integration of various cultures. In this cultural state, the traditional architectural forms of Manchu have experienced stage development, from the oldest living form of summer to cave dwelling, to the existence of earthen cottage, to the appearance of courtyard and the architectural form in the middle and late Qing Dynasty. These buildings not only have typical Manchu architectural characteristics, but also absorb the cultural essence of Han, Tibetan, Mongolian and other nationalities, and combine a variety of construction art techniques to cast a leap in the history of ancient architecture. It also left a precious material and cultural heritage for future generations. The study of Manchu architectural decorative art has strong representativeness and practical value. Architectural decoration is a widespread and universal cultural and artistic phenomenon. The history and culture of different times have left a profound "stamp" in the architecture, which is not only preserved in the structure of the building, but also in the structure of the building. There is also a great deal of information agglomerated in the decoration of the building. Sculptures, patterns, colors and so on in architecture, will become the essential information of architectural style, category and cultural details that we analyze and understand. This article mainly takes the Manchu palace architecture Shengjing palace and Qing Yongling as the main line to carry on the field investigation, the related Manchu folk residence and so on data collection as the assistance. Through the collection of a large number of documents and pictures, as well as the field investigation, the Manchu decorative art is analyzed and extracted, from the regional environment, the spatial organization, and the decoration characteristics of the Manchu palace buildings, which affect the traditional Manchu residential buildings. Decorative patterns, decorative colors and materials were studied. In order to understand its bearing history and culture, for the further study to provide complete and accurate information, to the field of these deficiencies to be timely supplemented. And try to explore some of the Manchu architectural decorative art protection measures and methods, as well as how to inherit and carry forward the traditional reasonable elements to provide a corresponding exploration and thinking, Finally, I hope through my research can provide reference for Manchu decorative art inheritance and development.
【学位授予单位】：广东工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU238

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