基于嵌入式的快速平面度测量系统的设计

发布时间：2018-06-24 16:55

本文选题：平面度测量 + 点阵结构光　；参考：《浙江大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：平面度测量是指对待测平面的平面度误差值的测量。平面度测量广泛应用在机械工程安装、建筑业施工过程以及大地测量等领域。特别是在建筑施工过程中的内部装修中,随着施工要求的提高,越来越需要一个可以实时提供的共同施工基准。平面度测量的传统手段,或者由于结构过于复杂,或者由于测量范围有限,或者由于测量效率太低,已经不能满足我们的实际需求。因此本文旨在开发一种结构简单、中等精度、可以实现快速测量的嵌入式平面度测量系统。本文调研了平面度测量的原理和常规方法,分析了工业现场对平面度测量的需求和常规测量手段的不足,在此基础上提出了一种基于点阵结构光的平面度测量方法,设计了一种结构简单、成本低廉、精度在0.2mm以内、在1m工作距离处测量范围为0-48.79mm的嵌入式快速平面度测量系统。主要工作分为三个部分：第一,介绍了测量系统的总体设计方案,并进行了嵌入式快速平面度测量系统的搭建。测量系统以激光器和正交光栅为点阵结构光生成器,以USB相机为图像采集单元,以ARM开发板为控制处理单元。第二,介绍了基于点阵结构光的平面度测量方法的原理,建立了测量方法的数学模型。在此基础上,设计了图像处理算法和数据处理算法。然后,进行了算法的实现和嵌入式软件的开发。第三,设计并进行实验,对测量方法的准确性和测量系统的精度进行了验证。进行计算机仿真实验,验证光斑中心的定位算法的准确性；进行基于PC平台的,标准平面位移的测量、白板平面和纸板平面平面度的测量等实验验证测量中近似方式的合理性,测量方法的有效性和测量方法对不同表面特性的待测平面的适用性；进行基于嵌入式快速平面度测量系统的,标准平面、白板平面和纸板平面平面度的测量实验,验证测量系统的测量精度和准确性。
[Abstract]:Flatness measurement is the measurement of flatness error. Flatness measurement is widely used in mechanical engineering installation, construction process and geodesy. Especially in the construction process of interior decoration, with the improvement of construction requirements, there is an increasing need for a real-time common construction benchmark. The traditional methods of flatness measurement either because the structure is too complicated or because the measurement range is limited or because the measurement efficiency is too low can not meet our actual needs. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to develop an embedded flatness measurement system with simple structure, medium precision and fast measurement. In this paper, the principle and conventional method of flatness measurement are investigated, and the demand for flatness measurement and the shortage of conventional measurement methods are analyzed. On this basis, a flatness measurement method based on lattice structured light is proposed. An embedded fast flatness measurement system with simple structure, low cost, precision within 0.2mm and measuring range of 0-48.79mm at 1 m working distance is designed. The main work is divided into three parts: first, the overall design of the measurement system is introduced, and the embedded fast flatness measurement system is built. The measuring system uses laser and orthogonal grating as lattice structure light generator, USB camera as image acquisition unit and arm development board as control processing unit. Secondly, the principle of flatness measurement method based on lattice structured light is introduced, and the mathematical model of measurement method is established. On this basis, image processing algorithm and data processing algorithm are designed. Then, the implementation of the algorithm and the development of embedded software are carried out. Thirdly, the accuracy of the measurement method and the accuracy of the measurement system are verified by designing and carrying out experiments. Computer simulation experiments were carried out to verify the accuracy of the algorithm for locating the center of light spot, and the measurement of standard plane displacement based on PC platform, the measurement of white board plane and paperboard planeness, and so on, were carried out to verify the reasonableness of the approximate method in the measurement. The validity of the measurement method and the applicability of the measurement method to the plane to be tested with different surface characteristics, the measurement experiments of the standard plane, white board plane and paperboard planeness based on the embedded fast flatness measurement system are carried out. Verify the accuracy and accuracy of the measurement system.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TP274

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