植物纤维阻燃墙体装饰材料制备及性能研究

发布时间：2018-06-26 17:57

本文选题：墙体装饰材料 + 非木植物纤维　；参考：《华南理工大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：以非木植物纤维原料制备可降解的墙体装饰材料，既可解决因燃烧导致的资源浪费和环境污染问题，又可以提高产品的内在价值，具有较重要的理论和实际意义。本论文研究了植物纤维阻燃墙体装饰材料的制备条件以及添加阻燃剂增强阻燃性能，实验研究过程和主要结论如下：以竹浆和蔗渣浆为原料，采用纤维模塑热压成型制得环保墙体装饰材料。实验研究表明：随着竹浆添加量的增加，浆料在成型过程中滤水速度加快，极大缩短了成形周期，并且制得的墙体装饰材料的挺度、抗张指数、耐破指数均呈先逐渐增大后缓慢减小的趋势。当竹浆的添加量为70%（质量分数）时，挺度、抗张强度、耐破指数均达到最大，分别比纯蔗渣浆制得的墙体装饰材料分别提高了77.02%，26.69%和21.77%。材料表面微观结构采用SEM进行了表征。通过搓磨分丝和高浓磨浆工艺技术制得稻草、桉木、竹机械浆，再分别和蔗渣化学浆混合制备模塑墙体装饰材料。研究了稻草、桉木、竹机械浆的添加对模塑墙体装饰材料的抗张强度、耐破度、挺度、外观颜色等物理性能的影响。将糊化好的淀粉加入到分散好的无机阻燃粉溶液中的覆膜方法是最为有效可行的。实验表明：阳离子淀粉预处理氢氧化铝（以下简称FA）后增大了其粒径。探讨了阳离子淀粉和FA不同添加量及添加方式对材料灰分的影响，以及预处理方式对纤维模塑墙体装饰材料的白度、耐破、挺度和抗张等物理强度的影响。并对滤水性能进行研究，，最后利用TGA、SEM等手段探讨阻燃机理。此外还得出，未处理的氢氧化镁（以下简称FM）颗粒大小分布不是很均匀，存在大颗粒物，预处理后FM粒径变大。探讨了阳离子淀粉和FM不同添加量及添加方式对材料灰分的影响，以及预处理FM后对纤维模塑墙体装饰材料的白度、耐破、挺度和抗张等物理强度的影响。并对滤水性能进行研究，最后利用TGA、SEM等手段初步探讨了阻燃机理。
[Abstract]:The preparation of degradable wall decoration materials from non-wood and vegetable fiber materials can not only solve the problems of waste of resources and environmental pollution caused by combustion, but also improve the intrinsic value of products. It has important theoretical and practical significance. In this paper, the preparation conditions of plant fiber flame-retardant wall decoration materials and the flame retardants were studied. The experimental process and main conclusions were as follows: bamboo pulp and bagasse pulp were used as raw materials. Environmental protection wall decoration material was made by fiber molding and hot pressing. The experimental results show that with the increase of the amount of bamboo pulp, the water filtration speed of the slurry in the molding process is accelerated, the forming cycle is greatly shortened, and the stiffness and tensile index of the wall decoration materials are obtained. The burst resistance index increased gradually and then decreased slowly. When the content of bamboo pulp was 70% (mass fraction), the stiffness, tensile strength and breaking resistance index of bamboo pulp reached the maximum, which increased 77.02% and 21.77%, respectively, compared with the pure bagasse pulp. The surface microstructure was characterized by SEM. Straw, eucalyptus and bamboo mechanical pulp were prepared by twisting and separating silk and high consistency pulp, and then mixed with bagasse chemical pulp to prepare molded wall decoration material. The effects of straw, eucalyptus and bamboo mechanical pulp on the tensile strength, breaking resistance, stiffness, appearance color and other physical properties of molded wall decoration materials were studied. It is most effective and feasible to add the gelatinized starch into the dispersed inorganic flame retardant powder solution. The results showed that the size of aluminum hydroxide (FA) was increased after pretreatment with cationic starch. The effects of different contents of cationic starch and FA on ash content of materials and the effects of pretreatment on the physical strength such as whiteness, breaking resistance, stiffness and tensile resistance of fiber molded wall decoration materials were discussed. Finally, the flame retardant mechanism was studied by means of TGA SEM. It is also found that the size distribution of untreated magnesium hydroxide (FM) particles is not uniform, and the size of FM particles becomes larger after pretreatment. The effects of different amount of cationic starch and FM on ash content of materials and the effects of pretreatment FM on the physical strength such as whiteness, breaking resistance, stiffness and tensile resistance of fiber molded wall decoration materials were discussed. Finally, the flame retardant mechanism was preliminarily discussed by means of TGA SEM.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TU564;TU545

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