低碳装饰装修工程施工及评价体系的研究

发布时间：2018-08-13 15:26

【摘要】：随着温室气体排放量的增加,全球气候的变暖,各种自然灾害的不断发生,已经逐渐影响人类的生活。建筑业的迅速发展,一是需要大量的高碳材料,二是在建造过程中需要消耗大量的能源,排放大量的二氧化碳,它已经成为高能耗的产业、为了如何降低建筑业二氧化碳的排放量,已成为应对气候的变化的主要问题。装饰装修工程作为建筑的重要组成部分,一方面装饰装修能改善居住环境,为人们提供良好的生活空间和办公环境,另外一方面,在装饰装修工程的施工过程中,不加强控制和管理,也会带来负面影响,例如,高能耗、高排放、高污染。如何将“三高”转变为“三低”,这就需要加强对施工过程的管理和控制,因此本文,以装饰装修工程施工为研究对象,实现低碳施工,力争装饰装修业的可持续发展。本文通过对低碳装饰装修工程施工过程的进行研究,找出影响低碳装饰装修工程施工的主要因素,主要包括低碳施工管理、节材与材料资源利用、节水与水资源利用、节能与能源利用和环境保护管理五大因素,并依据投入产出模型和目前装饰装修行业的施工特点,及相关施工规范和法律规定,制定了低碳装饰装修工程施工的评价指标体系和计算方法。该指标体系将以上五大因素列为低碳施工评价的一级指标,将一级指标的具体内容列为评价指标体系的二级评价指标,将二级评价指标的具体保证措施和施工的实际能够达到的水平作为评价体系的三级指标,并通过大量的装饰装修工程施工经验进行总结,把措施的实施效果作为评分的依据。在评价体系中采用层次分析方法确定各级指标的权重和较为简单的百分制打分方法,并规定了低碳施工的判断标准。通过将所建立的评价指标体系,应用于昆明某集团办公大楼的装饰装修工程施工评价。通过工程实践证明该指标体系简单易行,基本符合工程的实际需要,结构合理,能够有效的判断装饰装修工程施工是否属于低碳施工,评价体系是合理有效的。该课题的研究目的是通过对装饰装修施工过程影响二氧化碳排放量的影响因素、节能减排措施和环境保护措施的研究分析,建立评价体系,判断装饰装修项目施工是否属于低碳施工,并根据评价结果,找出施工过程影响低碳施工的主要问题,提出提高低碳施工水平的合理化建议,力争为装饰装修行业施工积累低碳施工的经验。
[Abstract]:With the increase of greenhouse gas emissions, global warming, and the continuous occurrence of various natural disasters, human life has been gradually affected. With the rapid development of the construction industry, one is the need for a large number of high-carbon materials, the other is the need to consume a large amount of energy and emit a large amount of carbon dioxide during the construction process, which has become a high-energy industry. In order to reduce carbon dioxide emissions from construction industry, it has become a major problem to deal with climate change. Decoration and decoration works as an important part of the building, on the one hand, decoration and decoration can improve the living environment for people to provide a good living space and office environment, on the other hand, in the decoration and decoration project construction process, Not strengthening control and management can also have negative effects, such as high energy consumption, high emissions, high pollution. How to change "three high" into "three low", which needs to strengthen the management and control of the construction process, therefore, this paper takes the decoration and decoration construction as the research object, realizes the low carbon construction, and strives for the sustainable development of the decoration and decoration industry. By studying the construction process of low carbon decoration and decoration engineering, this paper finds out the main factors that affect the construction of low carbon decoration and decoration engineering, including low carbon construction management, utilization of material and material resources, water saving and water resources utilization. Five major factors of energy saving, energy utilization and environmental protection management, and according to the input-output model and the construction characteristics of the current decoration and decoration industry, as well as the relevant construction norms and legal provisions, The evaluation index system and calculation method of low carbon decoration and decoration construction are established. In this index system, the above five factors are listed as the first grade index of low carbon construction evaluation, and the concrete content of the first class index is listed as the second grade evaluation index of the evaluation index system. The concrete guarantee measures of the secondary evaluation index and the actual level of the construction can be taken as the third grade indexes of the evaluation system, and through a large number of construction experience of decoration and decoration engineering, the implementation effect of the measures is taken as the basis for the evaluation. In the evaluation system, the AHP method is used to determine the weight of the indexes at all levels and the relatively simple percentage scoring method, and the judgment standard for low carbon construction is defined. The evaluation index system is applied to the construction evaluation of a group office building in Kunming. It is proved by engineering practice that the index system is simple and easy to carry out, basically accords with the actual needs of the project, and the structure is reasonable. It can effectively judge whether the decoration and decoration construction belongs to low carbon construction, and the evaluation system is reasonable and effective. The purpose of this project is to establish an evaluation system by analyzing the factors affecting carbon dioxide emissions, energy saving and emission reduction measures and environmental protection measures during decoration and decoration construction. Judging whether the construction of decoration and decoration project belongs to low carbon construction, and according to the evaluation result, find out the main problems that the construction process affects the low carbon construction, and put forward the reasonable suggestion to improve the low carbon construction level. Strive for decoration industry construction accumulation of low-carbon construction experience.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TU767

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