高强水泥基装饰板材研究

发布时间：2018-08-17 19:07

【摘要】：随着生活和科技水平的提高，许多水泥基混凝土构件除了需要满足力学性能的要求之外，也希望外观具有一定装饰效果，期望美观、实用、廉价，而不只是千篇一律的灰色或灰黑色。特别是对于那些水泥基复合材料的预制板块，如沟盖板、人行道板、广场砖等，，如果既能够达到天然花岗石的力学性能，又具有色彩装饰效果那么既可节约资源，又能美化环境。因此，高强水泥基装饰板材是建筑装饰走向低碳环保的新途径。 本文根据RPC的配制原理，在对试验原材料进行了系统分析的基础上，进行了水泥基装饰板材配合比的理论设计并进行了验证，研究和对比了三种不同的制备工艺，制备出了高强水泥基装饰板材，并对其性能进行了表征。主要的研究内容如下： 1.对试验原材料进行了系统分析，主要分析了原材料的白度、粒径分布、真密度、比表面积等几个控制性指标，确定出了实验室条件下微硅粉的预处理条件，即650℃条件下煅烧4h。 2.以最紧密堆积方程Dinger-Funk方程为理论基础，采用Matlab程序运算，对试验配合比进行了模拟计算，并对模拟的结果采用流动度来进行表征，得到了试验的最佳配方（以胶凝材料质量为1）为M白水泥：M煅烧微硅粉：M矿粉：M石英砂：M水=0.71:0.18:0.11:0.71:0.16；研究了颜料添加量对制品的影响，确定出了颜料的最佳掺入量，为胶凝材料总质量的4%。 3.分别研究了振捣成型、静压成型和振压成型三种成型方式，确定了静压成型条件下成型压力与振压成型条件下的成型压力与振动频率，静压成型的成型压力为25MPa，振压成型的成型压力为8MPa，成型频率为20Hz。对三种成型方式进行了对比，发现振捣成型这种传统制备工艺制备出的仿石材有缺陷，静压成型对成型设备的要求比较高且对设备损耗较大，振压成型适合进行大规模的工业生产。以振捣成型制备出的水泥基板材为例，研究和确定了养护制度：20℃条件下带模预养1d，40℃条件下水养2d，90℃条件下水养2d。 4.对装饰板材的装饰性能和物理性能进行了表征。对于装饰性来说，可以制备出五种以上花色的仿石材，其表面光泽度可达到21GS，在石材中属哑光面；对于物理性能而言，装饰板材的抗折强度≥10MPa，高于石材所要求的抗折强度≥8MPa，吸水率≤5%，略高于石材所要求的≤0.6%，耐磨系数为0.0416kg/m2，耐磨性能良好，耐候性能良好。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of life and science and technology, many cement based concrete members not only need to meet the requirements of mechanical properties, but also hope that the appearance has a certain decorative effect, which is expected to be beautiful, practical and cheap. And not just the same gray or gray black. Especially for those cement matrix composite prefabricated plates, such as trench covers, sidewalk panels, square bricks, etc., if they can achieve the mechanical properties of natural granite and have the effect of color decoration, it can save resources, It can beautify the environment. Therefore, high-strength cement-based decorative plate is a new way for building decoration to low-carbon environmental protection. Based on the preparation principle of RPC and the systematic analysis of the experimental raw materials, the theoretical design and verification of the mixture ratio of cement based decorative plates were carried out, and three different preparation processes were studied and compared. High-strength cement-based decorative plates were prepared and their properties were characterized. The main research contents are as follows: 1. The experimental raw materials are systematically analyzed. The whiteness, particle size distribution, true density and specific surface area of the raw materials are analyzed, and the pretreatment conditions of microsilica powder under laboratory conditions are determined. That is, calcined at 650 鈩

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