康百万庄园装饰艺术中的吉祥图案研究

发布时间：2018-09-06 11:02

【摘要】：吉祥图案是传统艺术宝库中一枝古老、独特而又绚丽的花朵。它是在祈愿生命的繁衍、保障、发展过程中形成的图像艺术和象征艺术,表达着民众对生活虔诚的祈求、美好的憧憬和善良的祝福。在我国,吉祥图案在明清时期应用最为广泛,表现在民众的衣食住行等各个方面。吉祥图案的研究具有十分重要的理论和现实意义。一方面,通过研究各种类型的吉祥图案,可探知中国民众生活理想和民间信仰。另一方面,通过对吉祥图案的研究可深入挖掘其背后的文化价值。明清建筑康百万庄园作为我国北方传统民居的代表,布局严谨、雕饰豪华,气势磅礴、雍容大度。庄园内的吉祥图案代表着中国北方民间建筑中的吉祥文化,丰富的吉祥图案被广泛应用于建筑的屋脊、檐角、柱础、门墩、家具等一切可以看到的地方。雕刻精准细腻,图案繁简适度,画面丰富多彩,意蕴厚重深刻,基本上能反映出明清民居吉祥文化的全貌,具有极高的民俗文化价值和美学价值,充分表达了康氏家族及中原地区民众的世界观和对生活的理想诉求。鉴于此,本文选择庄园内吉祥图像作为研究对象,试图深入挖掘其隐含的文化价值。全文共分为四章。第一章主要概述了康百万庄园的基本情况。介绍了康百万庄园的文化历史成因、兴衰过程、建筑艺术和装饰艺术。第二章主要对传统吉祥图案进行了概述和对庄园装饰艺术中的吉祥图案进行了梳理。首先阐述了传统吉祥图案的源流和传承性,其次梳理和分析了庄园装饰艺术中吉祥图案的分布、造型、题材等等。第三章着重论述了康百万庄园装饰艺术中吉祥图案所表现出来的民间信仰观念。从生命信仰、生活信仰和人格信仰三个方面,对庄园内一些代表性图案进行详细剖析,从中得出一个共同主题:吉祥!而吉祥图案所表现出来的生殖增寿、祈福禳灾、福—贵—禄一体化、“留余”等思想则是民众对于自己人生信仰和家族信仰的主动谋划,其目的是让家族或家庭兴旺发达,千秋万代。第四章主要论述了康百万庄园装饰艺术中吉祥图案的文化积淀、文化功能及现代民居装饰艺术中的运用问题。儒家思想、佛家思想、道家思想和民间“天人合一”思想都对吉祥图案的内容产生了深刻的影响,同时,吉祥图案也承担着宣扬儒道佛三家思想和民间思想的功能,这种影响不是单向的,而是一个相互作用、相互融合的过程。随着时代的发展和民众民俗心理的变化,传统吉祥图案作为一种民间艺术形式,继续在现代民居装饰艺术中发挥着作用,但同时也出现了危机。
[Abstract]:Auspicious pattern is an ancient, unique and gorgeous flower in the treasure house of traditional art. It is the image art and symbol art formed in the process of praying for the reproduction, protection and development of life, which expresses the people's piety for life, beautiful longing and kind blessing. In China, auspicious patterns were most widely used in Ming and Qing dynasties. The study of auspicious patterns has very important theoretical and practical significance. On the one hand, by studying various kinds of auspicious patterns, we can find out the ideal of Chinese people's life and folk beliefs. On the other hand, through the study of auspicious patterns, we can dig into the cultural value behind them. As the representative of the traditional houses in the north of China, the architectural Kang million Manor in the Ming and Qing dynasties was well-laid out, decorated with luxury, majestic and magnanimous. The auspicious patterns in the manor represent the auspicious culture in the folk architecture of the north of China. The rich auspicious patterns are widely used in the roof, eaves, pillars, gates, furniture and so on. The carving is precise and delicate, the pattern is simple and moderate, the picture is rich and colorful, the meaning is heavy and profound, basically can reflect the Ming and Qing dynasties folk residence auspicious culture overall appearance, has the extremely high folk custom cultural value and the esthetics value, Fully expressed the Kangshi family and the Central Plains people's world outlook and the ideal demand for life. In view of this, this paper chooses the auspicious image in the manor as the research object, and tries to excavate its implied cultural value. The full text is divided into four chapters. The first chapter mainly summarizes the basic situation of Kang million Manor. This paper introduces the cultural and historical causes, the process of rise and fall, the architectural art and the decorative art of Kang million Manor. The second chapter summarizes the traditional auspicious patterns and combs the auspicious patterns in the art of manor decoration. Firstly, the origin and inheritance of traditional auspicious patterns are expounded. Secondly, the distribution, modeling, theme and so on of auspicious patterns in manor decoration art are combed and analyzed. The third chapter focuses on the folk beliefs of the auspicious patterns in the decorative art of Kang million Manor. From three aspects of life belief, life belief and personality belief, some representative patterns in the manor are analyzed in detail, and a common theme is drawn from them: auspicious! On the other hand, the auspicious patterns of reproduction, longevity, blessing, wealth and wealth integration, and "remaining behind" are the people's active plans for their own life beliefs and family beliefs, with the aim of making the families or families prosper. the ages to come The fourth chapter mainly discusses the cultural accumulation, cultural function and application of the auspicious patterns in the decoration art of Kang million Manor. Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism and folk "harmony of nature and man" have had a profound impact on the content of the auspicious pattern. At the same time, the auspicious pattern has also assumed the function of propagating the three thoughts of Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism and folk thought. This effect is not one-way, but a process of interaction and integration. With the development of the times and the changes of folk psychology, the traditional auspicious patterns, as a form of folk art, continue to play a role in the decorative art of modern folk houses, but at the same time, there is also a crisis.
【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TU238;TU-80

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