新装修居室空气中甲醛和苯水平及其对小鼠骨髓细胞微核率的影响

发布时间：2018-11-11 00:06

【摘要】：[目的]了解泸州市新装修居室空气中甲醛和苯的污染状况,以及两者单独、联合作用对小鼠骨髓细胞微核率的影响。[方法]采用酚试剂及活性炭采样管分别采集泸州市内57户新装修住宅(装修结束6个月之内)室内空气,用可见光分光光度法及气相色谱法测定甲醛及苯的浓度,并根据测定结果确定动物染毒基础剂量,应用小鼠骨髓细胞微核试验观察甲醛及苯单独、联合染毒对小鼠骨髓细胞的致突变作用。[结果]简单装修组甲醛及苯的平均浓度分别为0.203mg/m3及0.135mg/m3,最高浓度分别为0.780mg/m3、0.450mg/m3,分别超过国家标准9.75倍和5倍;复杂装修组甲醛及苯的平均浓度分别为0.331mg/m3、0.222mg/m3,最高浓度分别为1.039mg/m3、0.660mg/m3,分别超标12.99倍、7.33倍;室内甲醛、苯浓度有随装修时间的延长明显下降的趋势(P0.005)。基础剂量组甲醛、苯单独及联合作用所引起的小鼠骨髓细胞微核率(MNCF)与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。而高于基础剂量组10倍、20倍组,无论是单独还是联合作用所引起的小鼠MNCF与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.005);联合作用所引起的MNCF明显高于单独作用(P0.005)。[结论]泸州市内新装修居室空气中甲醛及苯的浓度明显超标,复杂装修污染程度更加严重。较高浓度的甲醛、苯单独及联合作用均可造成小鼠MNCF升高。
[Abstract]:[objective] to investigate the pollution of formaldehyde and benzene in the air of newly decorated rooms in Luzhou, and the effect of the two alone and combined action on the micronucleus rate of bone marrow cells in mice. [methods] the indoor air of 57 newly decorated houses (within 6 months after decoration) was collected by phenol reagent and activated carbon sampling tube, and the concentrations of formaldehyde and benzene were determined by visible light spectrophotometry and gas chromatography. Based on the results, the mice bone marrow cell micronucleus test was used to observe the mutagenicity of formaldehyde and benzene alone. [results] the average concentrations of formaldehyde and benzene in the simple decoration group were 0.203mg/m3 and 0.135 mg / m3, respectively, and the highest concentrations were 0.780 mg / m ~ (3) and 0.450 mg / m ~ (3) respectively, which were 9.75 times and 5 times higher than the national standard respectively. The average concentrations of formaldehyde and benzene in complex decoration group were 0.331mg / m3c0.222mg / m3, respectively, and the highest concentrations were 1.039mg / m3c0.660 mg / m3, 12.99 times and 7.33 times higher than the standard, respectively. The concentration of formaldehyde and benzene decreased with the prolongation of decoration time (P0.005). There was no significant difference in micronucleus rate of bone marrow cells induced by formaldehyde and benzene alone or in combination between the basic dose group and the control group (P0.05). However, there were significant differences in MNCF between the two groups (P0.005) and the MNCF induced by the combination (P0.005) higher than that in the basal dose group (10 times, 20 fold). The results showed that the MNCF of the mice induced by single or combined action was significantly higher than that of the control group (P0.005), and that of the combination group was significantly higher than that of the control group. [conclusion] the concentration of formaldehyde and benzene in the air of newly decorated rooms in Luzhou City is obviously over the standard, and the pollution degree of complex decoration is more serious. Higher concentrations of formaldehyde and benzene alone and in combination could result in the increase of MNCF in mice.
【作者单位】：四川省泸州医学院公共卫生系;
【基金】：四川省卫生厅自然科学基金(编号:0500099)
【分类号】：R114

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