迪庆香格里拉地区藏族民居中的檐、梁、柱装饰艺术研究

发布时间：2018-11-12 11:19

【摘要】：在滇西北宽广明亮的高山草原自然环境中,醒目的点缀着一幢幢独特而美丽的藏族民居。藏族民居,它不仅表现了藏族人民独具特色的生活空间,也表现了一种生产生活方式,一种生产力发展的程度,更重要的是它表现了藏族人民丰富而独具魅力的审美情趣和宗教信仰。迪庆香格里拉县位于云南省西北部,在滇川藏“大三角”区域,是国家风景名胜区“三江并流”的一颗明珠,保留有完美的自然生态环境和民族传统文化。迪庆香格里拉属高原湿润气候,四季气候变化大,早晚温差大,白天温度可达30。,冬季气温底,最冷可低至-10。。藏族人民根据当地的自然条件和生活需求来建造房屋,表现出藏族独特的民族风格和独特的民族建筑文化,从而产生了其独特的建筑形式和建筑装饰艺术。本文以迪庆香格里拉地区藏族民居建筑中的檐、梁、柱装饰艺术为研究对象,从装饰的原则,装饰的目的,装饰的手法,装饰的工艺等方面分析藏族民居中的檐、梁、柱装饰艺术。对其装饰艺术的形式法则、风格类型,造型的装饰美学特征和艺术价值等方面进行理论性研究。檐,檐谓之眉,有檐口、檐马、檐头。在藏族民居装饰中体现了宗教、文化和建筑艺术,运用平衡、对比、和谐、统一和韵律等构图规律和审美思想。梁,梁上装饰呈现连续、有规律的美感,多以某种主题事物形成重复的装饰。如莲花图案或各种曲线的卷草纹。梁上方常承接椽头,椽头表面进行花卉图案或是其他主题图案装饰。柱,在藏族民居中的典型代表为中柱,藏族人民身份地位的象征。堂屋的中柱常予以特别丰富的装饰,中柱作为藏族家庭的神圣之柱,柱上常挂哈达、家传武器、丰收谷物等物品,以示对祖先的崇拜。在研究的过程中,尝试将其装饰艺术运用到现代设计中。提取檐、梁、柱传统的装饰手法沿用至现代设计的各个领域,让现在的设计者们更好的了解少数民族传统文化,并将其发扬光大。
[Abstract]:In the broad and bright alpine grassland natural environment of northwest Yunnan, distinctive and beautiful Tibetan houses are embellished. Tibetan houses not only represent the unique living space of the Tibetan people, but also show the level of production and life style and the development of productive forces. More importantly, it shows the Tibetan people rich and unique charm of aesthetic interest and religious beliefs. Diqing Shangri-La County is located in the northwest of Yunnan Province, in the "Grand Triangle" area of Yunnan, Sichuan and Tibet. It is a pearl of the "three rivers parallel flow" in the national scenic spot. It retains the perfect natural ecological environment and national traditional culture. Diqing Shangri-La is a humid climate in the plateau, with great climate change in the four seasons, large temperature difference in the morning and evening, and 30. 0 in daytime. The lowest temperature in winter is -10.0. The Tibetan people build houses according to the local natural conditions and living needs, showing the unique Tibetan national style and unique national architectural culture, thus producing its unique architectural form and architectural decoration art. This paper takes the eaves, beams and columns of Tibetan houses in Diqing Shangri-La area as the object of study, analyzes the eaves and beams in Tibetan houses from the aspects of decoration principles, decoration purposes, decoration techniques, decorative techniques, and so on. The Art of column Decoration This paper makes a theoretical study on the formal rules, style types, decorative aesthetic characteristics and artistic value of its decorative art. Eaves, eaves called eyebrow, cornice, eaves horse, eaves head. In the decoration of Tibetan houses, it embodies the composition laws and aesthetic thoughts of religion, culture and architectural art, using balance, contrast, harmony, unity and rhythm. Beam, the decoration on the beam presents a continuous, regular aesthetic feeling, more with a certain theme of things to form repeated decoration. A curly pattern, such as a lotus pattern or various curves. Beam top often undertake rafter head, rafter head surface flower pattern or other theme pattern decoration. Zhu, the typical representative of Tibetan houses, is the status symbol of the Tibetan people. The middle column of the hall house is often decorated with abundant decoration. As the sacred pillar of the Tibetan family, it is often hung on the post with items such as Hada, family weapons, harvest grain, and so on, to show the worship of the ancestors. In the process of research, try to apply its decorative art to modern design. The traditional decoration techniques of extracting eaves, beams and columns have been used in all fields of modern design, so that the present designers can better understand the traditional culture of ethnic minorities and carry it forward.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：J525

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