怀远县晚清教会建筑遗存空间样式与装饰风格研究

发布时间：2018-11-17 09:20

【摘要】：晚清(1840-1911年)教会建筑是一个备受学术界关心的热点和难点问题。近年来对于沿海城市教会建筑的研究愈来愈多,安徽省怀远县作为一个内埠城市,虽然不似沿海城市的开放度,但是因其便利的水陆交通与独特的区位条件使得教会可以顺利传入,所建的教会建筑在当时也颇具规模。然而,在经济的发展与城市的建设之下很多都已经收到了破坏,现存的仅是一部分。这些建筑通常分为三类:教会学校、教会医院、教堂,其中基督教建筑占据绝大部分,只有一座意大利天主教堂是天主教建筑,这与当时基督教在怀远传教所取得的成功有着密切的关系:基督教在当地传教时期,不仅大兴土建还广做慈善,为下一步的发展奠定了良好的基础,这些学校与医院造福了当地民众的同时还推动了基督教的传播。怀远晚清教会建筑有着鲜明的地域性,是怀远近代建筑的重要组成部分,本文一方面希望通过教会建筑旧貌资料的分析与建筑现状数据的搜集,对怀远教会建筑的遗存做一个系统的记录和直观的表达。另一方面希望可以从建筑的结构样式到装饰的艺术风格方面着手,了解当时西方的建筑风格是如何与中式的建筑风格相互碰撞与融合的,以探究怀远教会建筑独特的艺术性。本文以怀远县晚清时期包括教会学校、教会医院、教堂在内的教会建筑为主要研究对象,首先根据县志、史料等文献记载,从建筑的分布、主要风貌方面略述教会建筑的遗存概况,其次,结合实例,以实地测绘为基础,从建筑学、美术学的角度,对教会学校、医院、教堂的布局与造型进行分析与探讨,并通过对室内外景观装饰的分析以探究其艺术风格。然后通过对比中式建筑中的学校、医院的风格,本文进一步探讨了怀远教会建筑受西方文化影响的本土化特征,并对其建造时期的审美心理与探索进行了剖析;最后从中西建筑文化融合、现代建筑装饰、当地特色文化旅游三个方面总结出教会建筑对当代文化艺术的影响。
[Abstract]:Church architecture in the late Qing Dynasty (1840-1911) was a hot and difficult issue concerned by academic circles. In recent years, there have been more and more studies on church buildings in coastal cities. Huaiyuan County in Anhui Province, as an inner port city, is not as open as a coastal city. However, because of its convenient land and water transportation and unique location conditions, the church can be smoothly introduced, and the built church building was also quite large at that time. However, much of it has been destroyed by economic development and urban construction, but only in part. These buildings are usually divided into three categories: church schools, church hospitals, churches, of which Christian buildings account for the vast majority, and only one Italian Catholic church is a Catholic building. This was closely related to the success of Christianity's missionary mission in Huaiyuan at that time: during the local missionary period, Christianity not only gave rise to civil construction but also made a wide range of charities, which laid a good foundation for the development of the next step. These schools and hospitals have benefited the local population while also promoting the spread of Christianity. The church architecture of Huaiyuan in the late Qing Dynasty has a distinct regional character and is an important part of Huaiyuan's modern architecture. On the one hand, this paper hopes to analyze the old appearance of the church architecture and collect the current architectural data. Make a systematic record and intuitionistic expression of the remains of Huaiyuan church building. On the other hand, it is hoped that we can start from the structural style of architecture to the artistic style of decoration, and understand how the western architectural style collided and merged with the Chinese architectural style, in order to explore the unique artistry of Huaiyuan church architecture. This article takes the church buildings including church schools, church hospitals and churches in the late Qing Dynasty of Huaiyuan County as the main research object. Firstly, according to the records of county records, historical materials and other documents, from the architectural distribution, In terms of main style and features, this paper briefly describes the remains of church buildings. Secondly, it analyzes and discusses the layout and modeling of church schools, hospitals and churches from the angle of architecture and fine arts, based on field surveying and mapping. And through the indoor and outdoor landscape decoration analysis to explore its artistic style. Then, by comparing the styles of schools and hospitals in Chinese architecture, this paper further discusses the localization characteristics of Huaiyuan church architecture influenced by western culture, and analyzes the aesthetic psychology and exploration in the period of its construction. Finally, the influence of church architecture on contemporary culture and art is summarized from three aspects: the integration of Chinese and western architectural culture, modern architectural decoration and local characteristic cultural tourism.
【学位授予单位】：淮北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU238

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