加工和处理方法对杨木表面性质的影响

发布时间：2019-01-05 13:50

【摘要】：木材的表面性质影响到木制品的涂饰、胶接、防腐等诸多性能和木制品的装饰特性。本研究以木材表面性质中的表面粗糙度、表面润湿性和表面自由能研究为研究内容,采用磨削加工、硼化物、硅烷偶联剂3-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(KH550)、γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH560)和γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH570)处理木材表面,研究了不同加工和处理方法对杨木表面物理、化学性质的影响。通过表面显微特性、表面元素能谱和胶接性能测试,探索了磨削加工对木材工件表面的物理影响、硼化物和偶联剂处理杨木表面的化学影响。得出如下主要结论：1.杨木磨削加工后,在一定范围内随砂带粒度增大,木材工件表面粗糙度降低,表面润湿性随砂带粒度增加而降低。表面自由能和极性分量随砂带粒度的增大而增大,非极性分量呈下降趋势。2.硼化物处理的杨木单板,表面的接触角呈减小趋势,渗透性能好于未处理单板。结果表明硼化物处理后单板表面自由能减小。3.不同浓度硅烷偶联剂KH550处理的杨木单板,表面润湿性、表面自由能和极性分量随浓度增大而增强,杨木单板表面活性增强。处理单板制备的胶合板强度随偶联剂浓度增大而降低,甲醛释放量降低。偶联剂KH560处理杨木单板的表面润湿性和表面自由能及制备胶合板的胶合强度随偶联剂浓度增大而提高。偶联剂KH570处理的杨木单板,二碘甲烷在单板表面的接触角增大,单板表面非极性减弱；水在单板表面的渗透增强。4.表面元素能谱分析表明KH550、KH560和KH570处理的单板表面发生了化学键合。
[Abstract]:The surface properties of wood affect the decorative properties of wood products, such as coating, gluing, anticorrosion and so on. The surface roughness, surface wettability and surface free energy of wood were studied by grinding, boride and silane coupling agent 3-aminopropyl triethoxy silane (KH550). Wood surface was treated with 纬 -glycidyl ether propyl trimethoxysilane (KH560) and 纬 -methacryloxy propyl trimethoxysilane (KH570). The effects of different processing and treatment methods on the physical and chemical properties of poplar surface were studied. The physical effect of grinding on the surface of wood workpiece and the chemical effect of boride and coupling agent on the surface of poplar were investigated by means of surface microscopical properties, energy spectrum of surface elements and adhesive properties. The main conclusions are as follows: 1. After grinding, the surface roughness of wood workpiece decreases and the wettability decreases with the increase of sand belt size in a certain range. The surface free energy and polar component increase with the increase of sand grain size, and the non-polar component tends to decrease. 2. The contact angle of boride treated poplar veneer decreased and its permeability was better than that of untreated veneer. The results show that the free energy of the veneer surface decreases by 3.3% after boride treatment. The surface wettability, surface free energy and polar component of poplar veneer treated with KH550 with different concentration of silane coupling agent increased with the increase of concentration, and the surface activity of poplar veneer increased. The strength of the plywood prepared by the treatment decreased with the increase of coupling agent concentration, and the formaldehyde emission decreased. The surface wettability, surface free energy and bonding strength of poplar veneer treated with KH560 increased with the increase of coupling agent concentration. For poplar veneer treated with KH570, the contact angle of diiodomethane on the veneer surface increased, the non-polarity of veneer surface decreased, and the water permeation on veneer surface increased. 4. The surface elemental energy spectrum analysis showed that the veneer treated by KH550,KH560 and KH570 had chemical bonding.
【学位授予单位】：北京林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S781

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