开封山陕甘会馆建筑装饰艺术中的吉祥图案研究

发布时间：2019-03-12 11:09

【摘要】： 中国传统吉祥图案是中国民间吉祥艺术的重要艺术表现形式。到了明清时期,吉祥图案的发展已经形成了定势,基本上到了“图必有意,意必吉祥”的地步。吉祥图案几乎遍布了生活环境中的方方面面。特别是和人们生活息息相关的建筑及建筑装饰中,更是少不了它们的身影。会馆是明清时期产生和发展起来的一种社会组织。中原地区更是分布着众多的会馆,它们大多是从各地来豫经商的商人筹资兴建的。这些会馆大都建筑规模宏大、装饰富丽,成为一种独特的民间建筑景观。在会馆建筑装饰中,汇集了大量具有吉祥意义的图案纹样,结合会馆本身独特的文化氛围,这些图案就具有了更加丰富的内涵和意义。笔者经过多次实地考察,发现开封山陕甘会馆的建筑装饰艺术手段多样,内容题材丰富,基本上能反映出清代民间吉祥文化的面貌。因此选定开封山陕甘会馆建筑装饰艺术中的吉祥图案作为研究对象,展开个案研究。全文分四个部分共四章进行论述。文章引言部分简略阐述了本文的选题缘由和研究对象、相关研究现状、文章的研究方法与意义三个方面的内容。第二部分包括第一章和第二章,是对开封山陕甘会馆的概述及传统吉祥图案本身内涵意义的论述。首先,对开封山陕甘会馆的历史文化成因、其建筑及建筑装饰艺术进行论述。其次,对开封山陕甘会馆建筑装饰中的吉祥图案的分布、造型、题材进行了梳理和分析。第三部分包括第三章,是本文的中心所在,着重论述了会馆吉祥图案的造型、题材与民间信仰的关系,主要谈到“关帝”信仰、生殖信仰、灵物信仰等由有代表性图案造型所衍生出的民间信仰文化方面的问题。从中归结出一个共同的吉祥主题,而会馆吉祥图案所反映的求福纳吉思想就是人们对于自己人生信仰的主动谋划。第四部分包括第四章和结语,论述了会馆建筑装饰中吉祥图案艺术的文化整合功能和艺术形式的传承等问题。随着社会的发展和审美观念的变化,以吉祥图案为代表的民间艺术形式,在新的历史时期也必将展现其新的意义与生机,当然也有危机,如造型变异、缺失等诸多问题。
[Abstract]:Chinese traditional auspicious pattern is an important artistic form of Chinese folk auspicious art. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, the development of auspicious patterns has formed a fixed trend, basically to the point of "picture must be intentional, meaning must be auspicious". Auspicious patterns are scattered in almost every aspect of the living environment. Especially with people's life closely related to the building and architectural decoration, but also without their shadow. The hall is a kind of social organization which came into being and developed in Ming and Qing dynasties. The Central Plains is also distributed with numerous halls, most of which are financed by businessmen from all over Henan Province. Most of these halls are large-scale and richly decorated, and become a unique folk architectural landscape. In the architectural decoration of the hall, a large number of auspicious patterns have been gathered, combined with the unique cultural atmosphere of the hall itself, these patterns have more rich connotation and significance. After many on-the-spot visits, the author finds that the architectural decorative art of Kaifeng Shan-Gan Guild Hall is diverse in means and rich in content, which can basically reflect the appearance of folk auspicious culture in the Qing Dynasty. So choose the auspicious pattern in the architectural decoration art of Kaifeng Mountain Shan-Gan Guild Hall as the research object, and launch the case study. The thesis is divided into four parts and four chapters. The introduction of this paper briefly describes the reasons and research objects of this paper, related research status, research methods and significance of the three aspects of the content. The second part, including the first chapter and the second chapter, is an overview of Kaifeng Shan-Gan Guild Hall and the meaning of traditional auspicious patterns. First of all, the historical and cultural causes of Kaifeng Mountain Shaanxi-Gansu Guild Hall, its architecture and architectural decoration art are discussed. Secondly, the distribution, modeling and subject matter of auspicious patterns in the architectural decoration of Kaifeng Mountain Shaanxi-Gansu Guild Hall are combed and analyzed. The third part includes the third chapter, which is the center of this paper, focusing on the shape of auspicious pattern of the hall, the relationship between the subject matter and the folk belief, mainly talking about the belief of "Guan Emperor" and the belief of reproduction. Spiritual beliefs derived from representative patterns of cultural aspects of folk beliefs. It comes down to a common auspicious theme, and the auspicious pattern of the hall reflects the idea of seeking Fornaghi, which is the initiative plan of people's faith in life. The fourth part includes the fourth chapter and the conclusion, discusses the function of cultural integration of auspicious pattern art and the inheritance of art form in the decoration of the clubhouse. With the development of society and the change of aesthetic concept, the folk art form represented by auspicious patterns will certainly show its new significance and vitality in the new historical period. Of course, there are also crises, such as the variation of modelling, the absence and so on.
【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：J522

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