空间并置，面容相似：对拜厄特小说《占有》的空间性解读

  本文关键词：空间并置，面容相似：对拜厄特小说《占有》的空间性解读，由笔耕文化传播整理发布。

        1991年A.S.拜厄特以小说《占有：一部罗曼司》获得了英国布克奖。该小说交织了爱情、侦探与文学理论界人士的生活百态。自问世以来，该小说获得了文学评论界的高度重视。当代批评家与学者随之从女性主义，神话原型批评及互文性等各种角度提出了不少阐释与解读。空间理论作为当代文学评论界兴起的一种较为新颖的文本批评方法，旨在打破时间在叙事中的主导地位，强调空间作为叙事的一种重要手段在文学文本中的重要作用。《占有》中并置与交织的三个空间——神话空间、维多利亚时代空间及现代社会空间呈现出不同的社会景观空间。与此对应的是，生活其中的女性人物也表现出表面相似实则不同的心理特征，从而在面对爱情时，，三个空间中的女性表现出了不同的态度。本文运用空间理论，对三个空间进行了剖析。本文第二章介绍了空间理论。空间作为时间的承载物，是一定社会文化雕琢的对象。同时，空间也能够对生活其中的人物起到限制的作用，从而激发人物不同的心理空间。本文第三章分析了神秘的神话空间，得出“城堡”及“荒原”这两个意象是神话空间中女性的栖息之地。女性走出城堡和荒原后便失去了自己原本的主动性与创造性。在男性主导的社会中，女性人物选择压抑自己的本性从而保全自己的独立性，于是，神话空间中的女性在面对爱情时具有恐惧的心理。本文第四章分析了维多利亚空间中的社会景观对女性人物心理的影响。女性为了保证自己的艺术创造力不被干扰，在面对爱情时选择了较为保守的态度。第五章则剖析了当今社会空间及女性人物的心理特征。女性虽可以在事业上取得比男性更大的成就，但在面对生活时她们往往选择隐藏自己的个性与才华，抑或高调展示自己的突出之处。在面对爱情时，现实空间中的女性较前两个空间女性相比，明显更加主动和勇敢。文章最后一章总结出三个空间中女性人物的恋爱观，并得出女性人物在掌控自己命运的道路上不断前进，在面对爱情时更加勇敢这一结论。本文从较为新颖的角度剖析拜厄特小说《占有》的主题，将有助于运用空间理论在评论文学作品中的使用。

    The1991year Booker Prize winner A. S. Byatt elaborates in her best known novelPossession: A Romance a story of love, detective and the lives of literary critics. Sinceits publication, Possession has gained much attention from various scholars whoanalyze the themes or narratological techniques from feminist, archetypal andintertextual perspectives.As a new method for literary critics to analyze the texts, spatial theory overthrowsthe dominance of time in narratology. It attaches great importance to space’s role inlaying out the story. Possession involves three interwoven yet distinctive spaces, namely,the mystic mythical space, the indistinct Victorian space and the depressed modernspace. Meanwhile, as social spaces distinct with each other, women living in thosespaces tend to differ those in the other spaces in psychological phase. As a result, whenfacing love, they show different attitudes.This thesis, drawing on the spatial theory and cultural geography, analyzes thethree spaces. The second chapter offers a brief introduction to space theory. The space isalways the object that contains the deployment of time, and at the same time is shapedby society and culture. The space in turn influences people’s lives. Chapter threeanalyzes the mythological space by paying great attention to the images of “castle” and“moor”. Leaving the moor or the castle means that women give up their originality andautonomy to the patriarchal society. Living in this social space, women have to reservethemselves if they intend to preserve their independence. As a result, when faced withlove, women are not brave enough to make the decision. Chapter four presents theinfluence of the Victorian social space’s great impact on women’s psychological space.In order to protect their talents from being intimidated by the patriarchal society, womenare either conservative or radical when they are facing love. Chapter five focuses on thedepressed modern social space and women’s psychological space in response to thesocial environment. Though they may be successful in their career, women still tend tohide their personality and talents as they are afraid of the outside world. However,compared with women in the other two spaces, modern world women are braver.Chapter six summarizes the features of the attitudes of women’s towards love indifferent spaces and historical tendency in the changes of their attitudes. Though womenare conserved at the very beginning of the human history, they are definitely able to be more confident and make progress in controlling their fates.This thesis offers a new perspective for readers and literary critics to interpret thethemes of this novel—spatial reading, therefore will encourage the application of spacetheory in critical reading of literary texts.

空间并置，面容相似：对拜厄特小说《占有》的空间性解读

摘要3-4ABSTRACT4-5Chapter One Introduction7-10    1.1 A Brief Introduction to A.S. Byatt7-8    1.2 A Brief Introduction to Possession: A Romance8-10Chapter Two Literature Review10-18    2.1 Literature Review on Possession10-12    2.2 Literature Review on Space Theory12-15    2.3 Space and Literary Theory15-18Chapter Three The Magic Mythological Space18-26    3.1 The Mystic Mythological Space18-22    3.2 The Psychological Space of Women in the Fairy Tales22-23    3.3 Women’s Attitude towards Love in Fairy Tales23-26Chapter Four The Indistinct Victorian Space26-34    4.1 Secluded Victorian Space26-29    4.2 The Women’s Psychological Space in Victorian Space29-32    4.3 Women’s Attitude towards Love in the Indistinct Victorian Space32-34Chapter Five The Depressing Modern Space34-42    5.1 The Depressing Social Space in the Modern Society34-37    5.2 Women’s Psychological Space in the Depressed Modern Space37-40    5.3 Women’s Attitude towards Love in Depressed Modern Space40-42Chapter Six Similar Faces VS Different Attitudes42-46Acknowledgements46-47Works Cited47-49Appendix: Publications49

  本文关键词：空间并置，面容相似：对拜厄特小说《占有》的空间性解读，由笔耕文化传播整理发布。