拉丁舞平转技术动作运动学分析研究

发布时间：2018-11-25 22:47

【摘要】：目的:通过对拉丁舞运动员的平转技术动作进行运动学分析,对其完成的拉丁舞平转动作进行三维影像同步拍摄和动作解析,从运动学的角度分析对拉丁舞中平转动作的动作技术特点、动力特征与动作规律进行研究,建立平转动作的运动学参数,揭示运动员平转动作的运动规律与相关原理,分析拉丁舞队员在平转动作中存在的具体问题,从而为拉丁舞平转动作的教学与训练提供一定的理论依据,为培养出更优秀、更高水平的体育舞蹈运动员奠定理论基础。方法:本文主要采用专家访谈法、文献资料法、理论分析法以及实验法。从运动学角度来看,运动员要顺利完成拉丁舞中的平转动作,并取得很好的效果,必须把握开始转动、连续转动以及停止转动这三个重要环节,以及身体各个部位的协调用力。在身体协调用力的大前提下,头部跟随身体的瞬间转动、手臂的挥摆、腰臀胯以及腿部的协调发力非常重要。身体重心在身体三维空间内偏离的幅度越小,运动员完成的平转动作稳定性越高。这要求运动员加强身体素质,尤其是力量素质的训练提高身体的控制能力。在运动员进行连续的平转动作时,运动员同侧肢体关节的角度与速度变化规律类似,其中无论是手臂的挥摆,腿部的发力转动,还是上下肢关节角度与关节速度的变化都呈现周期性的规律,运动员身体各部位必须协调一致的运动,才能完成稳定性高、质量好的平转动作。结论:拉丁舞平转动作的各个肢体运动不仅有自身的独立性,还有与身体各部位运动协调配合的统一性。只有肢体各个部分的统一协调,才能完成高质量的拉丁舞平转动作。运动员要做到肢体各部分的统一协调,除过平时勤练动作之外必须加强身体素质的训练,尤其是力量与速度的训练,正确的去认识和练习舞蹈中的技术动作,尤其是手臂的摆动,下肢的协调发力及重心转换稳定。只有在训练中抓住身体素质训练和正确的技术动作认识这一重要环节,运动员在完成平转动作时身体的位移、时间、力度、速度、幅度以及节奏等指标才能达到准确的水平。建议:每项运动都有着自身的运动规律,拉丁舞运动员首先应掌握好拉丁舞技术动作的特点与技术要求;深入认识自身的身体素质,加强自身舞蹈能力的提升;在教学训练过程中不断探索拉丁舞技术动作的运动规律与特性。竞赛规则推动拉丁舞的技术向高、难、美的方向发展,运动员们对于动作技术要求越来越精湛,这就要求运用体育科学对拉丁舞技术动作进行深入的研究。有关体育部门应更深入的探索拉丁舞的运动规律,从运动生物力学、运动解剖学、运动生物化学、运动生理学、体育美学、心理学等学科方向对拉丁舞进行科研攻关,从而更好的指导教学与提高竞赛水平。只有加强科技攻关,充分重视理论基础与教学训练相结合,我国的拉丁舞水平必然会得到更高的飞跃。
[Abstract]:Objective: through the kinematics analysis of the Latin dancing athletes' flat rotation technique, the three dimensional images of the Latin dancing horizontal motion were taken synchronously and the movement was analyzed. From the point of view of kinematics, this paper studies the technical characteristics, dynamic characteristics and movement rules of the horizontal rotation in Latin dance, establishes the kinematics parameters of the horizontal rotation, and reveals the movement laws and related principles of the horizontal rotation of the athletes. This paper analyzes the specific problems of Latin dance players in the horizontal rotation, thus provides a certain theoretical basis for the teaching and training of Latin equalization, and lays a theoretical foundation for the cultivation of better and higher level sports dancers. Methods: the methods of expert interview, literature, theory analysis and experiment were used in this paper. From the kinematics point of view, the athletes must grasp the three important links of starting rotation, continuous rotation and stopping rotation, as well as the coordinated force of various parts of the body, in order to successfully complete the flat rotation in Latin dance and obtain good results. Under the premise of body coordination, head following the body moment rotation, arm swing, waist hip and leg coordination is very important. The smaller the deviation of the body gravity center in the body three-dimensional space, the higher the stability of the smooth rotation action completed by the athletes. This requires athletes to strengthen their physical quality, especially the strength of the training to improve the ability to control the body. When an athlete performs a continuous flattening exercise, the angle and speed of the joint of the athlete's ipsilateral limb vary in a similar way, whether it is the swing of the arm or the rotation of the leg. The changes of joint angle and joint velocity of upper and lower limbs are both periodic. Athletes must coordinate the movement of all parts in order to achieve high stability and good quality of flat rotation. Conclusion: every limb movement of Latin dance has not only its own independence, but also the unity of coordination with all parts of the body. Only the coordination of all parts of the body can complete the high-quality Latin dance flat rotation. In order to achieve the unity and coordination of the various parts of the body, athletes must strengthen the training of their physical qualities, especially the training of strength and speed, in addition to exercising frequently in peacetime, and correctly understand and practice the technical movements in the dance. Especially the arm swing, the lower extremity coordination power and the center of gravity conversion stability. Only by grasping the physical quality training and correct technical action recognition in the training, can the athletes achieve the accurate level in terms of body displacement, time, strength, speed, amplitude and rhythm. It is suggested that every sport has its own law of movement, Latin dancers should first master the characteristics and technical requirements of Latin dance technical movements, deeply understand their own physical quality, and strengthen their own dance ability. In the course of teaching and training, the law and characteristics of Latin dance technical movements are constantly explored. The competition rules promote the development of Latin dance technology in the direction of high, difficult and beautiful, and the athletes have more and more consummate technical requirements for the movement, which requires the use of sports science to conduct in-depth research on the Latin dance technical movements. The sports departments concerned should further explore the movement law of Latin dance, and carry out scientific research on Latin dance from the aspects of sports biomechanics, sports anatomy, sports biochemistry, exercise physiology, sports aesthetics, psychology, etc. In order to better guide teaching and improve the level of competition. Only by strengthening science and technology, paying full attention to the combination of theoretical basis and teaching and training, the Latin dance level of our country will certainly get a higher leap forward.
【学位授予单位】：西安体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：J722.8

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