原始思维即艺术思维

发布时间：2018-03-27 10:12

本文选题：原始思维　切入点：艺术思维　出处：《山东大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文持以下观点：原始思维既不蒙昧,也不深奥,它在本质上就是如今艺术家们在艺术创作时通常发挥的那种思维方式,即艺术思维,或称审美思维；换言之,艺术并非晚近文明的产物,而是亘古就有。原始思维即艺术思维。在人类认知进化史的开始,维柯所谓的“诗性智慧”或称形象思维一直占统治地位；后来,后起的抽象的理性思维在认知上获得了主导地位,并且与形象思维构成对立,于是诗性智慧或称形象思维就获得了“艺术”这么一个新绰号。本文相信,原始思维是某种自史前时代以至于今基本不曾有过改变的思维方式,它完好地存在于如今我们所谓的艺术思维之中。借用人类学在原始思维方面积累下的丰富资料,本文打算揭示原始思维与艺术思维之间相承的脉络。论文结构安排如下：在绪论部分,我们发现大多数同类研究都认为艺术思维是原始思维“在更高阶段的重复与发展”。这就是说,艺术思维毕竟是高级的,甚至是现代的；它与原始思维或许存在某种关系,但二者不是一回事。本文意在证明,原始思维即艺术思维,它在本质上不曾改变；发生变动的是人类用来解释世界的体系已由诗性走向科学理性,这就是黑格尔所说的哲学取代艺术,而艺术要终结。正文第一章由维柯的诗性智慧阐释开来,维柯是思想史上第一位关注并尊敬原始思维的学者。他关于诗性智慧的思想产生于理性主义霸道的艰难时代,却最具创见；“诗性智慧”这一概念巧妙地将已被人类文明的发展所割裂的原始思维与艺术思维衔接起来。随后本文以十九世纪人类学家的部分观点为证据,表明原始思维并非另类思维。第二章,在了解十九世纪人类学家的研究的基础上,我们从相关理论中析取出原始思维的重要特征(万物有灵观、互渗律、原始人的梦与幻)；我们把这些特征与艺术思维的主要特征进行对比分析,最终得出二者在重要方面都相吻合的结论。我们探求原始思维即艺术思维的目的在于证实艺术乃极古老之物；虽然“艺术”这一概念很现代,但艺术思维、艺术现象却是亘古未变的存在。我们相信这个结论有助于理解艺术哲学的核心问题,即“艺术是什么”；因此,侧重于探讨艺术界定的第三章也就成为本文不可或缺的组成部分。我们在第三章讨论定义艺术的两种方法,而学者们在试图回答“艺术是什么”这个问题时所发生的苦难,归咎于混淆了这两种方法。
[Abstract]:This article holds the following view: primitive thinking is neither ignorant nor profound. It is essentially the way of thinking that artists usually play in their artistic creation today, that is, artistic thinking, or aesthetic thinking; in other words, Art is not the product of late civilization, but it is everlasting. Primitive thinking is artistic thinking. In the beginning of the history of human cognition and evolution, Vico's so-called "poetic wisdom" or "pictographic thinking" dominated; later, The later abstract rational thinking gained a dominant position in cognition and was opposed to the image thinking, so the poetic wisdom, or image thinking, gained the new nickname "art". Primitive thinking is a way of thinking which has not changed since prehistoric times and has not been changed. It exists perfectly in what we now call artistic thinking. Based on the abundant materials accumulated by anthropology in the field of primitive thinking, this paper intends to reveal the link between primitive thinking and artistic thinking. The structure of the paper is arranged as follows: in the introduction part, We find that most of the same studies think that artistic thinking is "repetition and development at a higher stage". This means that artistic thinking is, after all, advanced, even modern; it may have some relationship with primitive thinking. But the two are not the same thing. The purpose of this paper is to prove that primitive thinking is artistic thinking, which has not changed in essence; what has changed is that the system used by mankind to explain the world has changed from poetic to scientific rationality. This is what Hegel calls philosophy to replace art and art to come to an end. The first chapter of the text is explained by Vico's poetic wisdom. Vico was the first scholar in the history of thought to pay attention to and respect primitive thinking. The concept of "poetic wisdom" cleverly links primitive and artistic thinking, which has been severed by the development of human civilization. In the second chapter, on the basis of understanding the research of anthropologists in the nineteenth century, we analyze the important characteristics of primitive thinking from relevant theories. Primitive people's dreams and illusions; we compare these features with the main features of artistic thinking. Finally, we come to the conclusion that both of them coincide in important aspects. The purpose of our exploration of primitive thinking is to prove that art is an ancient thing. Although the concept of "art" is very modern, artistic thinking, We believe that this conclusion can help to understand the core question of art philosophy, that is, "what art is"; therefore, Chapter III, which focuses on the definition of art, becomes an integral part of this article. In chapter III, we discuss two ways to define art, and the suffering of scholars trying to answer the question "what is art?" Blame the confusion between the two methods.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：J01

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