文学伦理学批评:口头文学与脑文本

发布时间：2018-04-11 04:31

本文选题：文学伦理学批评 + 脑文本　；参考：《外国文学研究》2013年06期

【摘要】：文本就是以某种载体保存的能够表达意义的文字或符号。因此,文本是由两部分构成的,一部分是表达意义的文字或符号,一部分是保存文字或符号的载体。载体是文本存在的形式,文字或符号是文本的意义,只有二者结合在一起,才构成文本。只要能够保存表达意义的文字或符号,任何材料都可以成为文本的载体。但是没有载体,则不能形成文本。由于文本是一种物质形态,因此文学不是一种意识形态,而是一种物质形态。总体而言,文本有三种基本形态:脑文本、物质文本和电子(数字)文本。脑文本是一种特殊的生物形态,是人的大脑以记忆形式保存的对事物的感知和认识。在文字符号被创造出来之前,人类文明曾经产生过丰富的具有文学特征的脑文本,如神话、民间史诗、传说故事、历史叙事等。脑文本就是口头文学的文本,但只能以口耳相传的方式进行复制而不能遗传。因此,除了少量的脑文本后来借助物质文本被保存下来之外,大量的具有文学性质的脑文本都随其所有者的死亡而永远消失湮灭了。
[Abstract]:Text is a text or symbol that can express meaning in a certain carrier.Therefore, the text is composed of two parts, one is the text or symbol to express meaning, and the other is the carrier to preserve the text or symbol.Carrier is the form of text, text or symbol is the meaning of text.Any material can be used as a carrier of text as long as it can preserve words or symbols that express meaning.But without the carrier, the text cannot be formed.Because text is a material form, literature is not an ideology, but a material form.In general, text has three basic forms: brain text, physical text, and electronic (digital) text.Brain text is a kind of special biological form, which is the perception and cognition of things preserved by the human brain in the form of memory.Before the creation of character symbols, human civilization had produced rich brain texts with literary characteristics, such as mythology, folk epic, legendary stories, historical narration and so on.Brain text is the text of oral literature, but can only be copied by word of mouth and not inherited.Therefore, with the death of its owner, a large number of literary brain texts have disappeared and been annihilated forever, except for a small number of brain texts which were later preserved with the aid of material texts.
【作者单位】：华中师范大学文学院;《外国文学研究》杂志;
【基金】：国家社科基金重点项目“文学伦理学与文本研究”【项目批号:13AWW001】重大项目“文学伦理学批评:理论建构与批评实践研究”【项目批号:13&ZD128】的前期成果
【分类号】：I0-05

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