观看的两重性:文化与文学之争探因

发布时间：2018-05-06 05:11

本文选题：观看 + 两重性　；参考：《学术月刊》2013年07期

【摘要】：新世纪以来展开于国内外学界的一场共同论争,是文化研究与文学研究在合法性上的激烈争夺,其焦点则是文学的审美性与文化的政治性能否并存,由此每每产生出一方抵抗另一方的思路。但迄今这场争斗在思路上留有重要的盲点,即尚未正确认识到两者的区别其实导源于人的观看行为的两重性:一方面,人只有入场才能真切看清场内事物,但由此他因受限于在现场占据的特定视点而看不完全;另一方面,人只有离场才能完全看清场内事物,但由此他因失去了对现场氛围的亲身体验而看不真切。观看行为的这种无法合二为一的两重性,实乃人生在世的本体根据,因此是必然的。文学研究主要是入场的观看,文化研究则主要是离场的观看,因此也可以并存。与其片面视文学与文化之争为非此即彼,不如正视两者的合法共存:既让文化研究展示出从纯粹性向非纯粹性立场演进的必然意义,也让文学研究展示出体验的在场性与想象的反思性的必然接近。
[Abstract]:Since the beginning of the new century, there has been a common debate in the academic circles at home and abroad, which is a fierce struggle for the legitimacy of cultural studies and literary studies, and its focus is whether the aesthetic nature of literature and the political nature of culture can coexist. This often leads to the idea of one side resisting the other. But so far, the struggle has left an important blind spot in its thinking, that is, it has not been correctly recognized that the difference between the two is actually derived from the duality of human viewing: on the one hand, only by entering can one truly see clearly what is in the field. On the other hand, one can see things in the field only if one leaves the scene, but as a result he loses his own experience of the scene. The duality of watching behavior is the basis of life and therefore inevitable. Literary study is mainly the viewing of entrance, while cultural study is mainly the viewing of departure, so it can coexist. Rather than regard literature and culture as one or the other, it is better to face up to the legal coexistence of the two: that is to say, cultural studies should show the inevitable significance of the evolution from the position of pureness to non-purity. It also shows that the presence of experience and the reflection of imagination are bound to be close.
【作者单位】：华东师范大学中文系;
【基金】：教育部社科项目“叙事逻辑研究”(10YJC751057)阶段性成果
【分类号】：I0-05;G05

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