中国古典诗词英译不可译性的中文视角

发布时间：2018-07-04 18:06

本文选题：不可译 + 汉语视角　；参考：《西安电子科技大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：作为中国文学瑰宝的古典诗歌，在中外文化交流的过程中起着不可或缺的作用。自从19世纪晚期第一部英译汉语古典诗歌的诞生到今天繁荣的翻译事业，英译汉语古典诗歌的历史不算太长，但是伴随其成长过程的可译和不可译问题一直存在。本文从汉语本身出发，回归翻译第一步——源语理解阶段，试图通过展示源语作为诗歌媒介的各种特质，展示汉语古典诗歌在翻译过程中的必然损失，试图提出各种损失，也就是通常所讨论的不可译性问题的补偿问题。汉语作为一种不同于英语的声调语言，一字一音节，在长久的演变过程中形成了自己独特的诗律模式和美感特质，从最早的四言古诗，，到后来成熟的唐诗，再到后来的宋词元曲以及小令，形式和格律发展日渐完善，其音乐性和美感与其形式密不可分，互为因果。汉语诗歌的美感除了本身意义之外，其声律亦是不可忽视的文学载体，这种内在因素使汉语诗歌在转化成别的语言时，很难兼及形、声、意完备。虽然长久以来各种努力和尝试层出不穷，但都不能有效解决不可译问题。本文作者以翻译批评身份出发，先考察古今中外学者对不可译问题的探讨，进而深入汉语语言本身，讨论汉语古典诗歌形式的演变过程，分别论及形式和因形式而带来的声音美感，同时兼及在汉语诗歌形成过程中的诗歌创作传统，各种常规意象和思维模式，从而提供一种对汉语本身的深入了解，从翻译的角度来说，确保翻译第一步不至于失之毫厘。本文最后提出作者自己的几条补偿建议，灵活处理译文和原文，当形式在源语中不允许改动的情况下，最好要在译语中再现原文形式；中西双方译者的协作，在作者看来应该是翻译中减少损失的相对理想模式。
[Abstract]:As a treasure of Chinese literature, classical poetry plays an indispensable role in the process of cultural exchange between China and foreign countries. Since the birth of the first English-Chinese classical poetry in the late 19th century and its prosperous translation today, the history of English-Chinese classical poetry is not too long, but the problems of translatability and untranslatability have always existed in the course of its growth. From the perspective of Chinese itself, this paper returns to the first step of translation, the source language understanding stage, and tries to show the inevitable loss of classical Chinese poetry in the process of translation by displaying the characteristics of the source language as a poetic medium, and trying to propose various losses. This is the problem of compensation for untranslatability. As a tone language different from English, Chinese has formed its own unique poetic pattern and aesthetic feeling in the long evolution process, from the earliest four-character ancient poetry to the later mature Tang poetry. Then to the later Song ci Yuan qu and Xiao Ling, the form and rhythm of the development of the increasingly perfect, its musical and aesthetic sense and its form is inseparable, cause and effect each other. Besides its own meaning, the aesthetic feeling of Chinese poetry is also a literary carrier which can not be ignored. This internal factor makes it difficult for Chinese poetry to be transformed into other languages. Although efforts and attempts have been emerging for a long time, they can not effectively solve the problem of untranslatability. In the capacity of translation criticism, the author first explores the untranslatable problems of scholars both at home and abroad, and then goes deep into the Chinese language itself and discusses the evolution of the forms of Chinese classical poetry. It discusses the form and the sound beauty brought about by the form, at the same time, the tradition of poetry creation, various conventional images and thinking patterns in the process of the formation of Chinese poetry, thus providing a deep understanding of the Chinese language itself. From the perspective of translation, make sure that the first step of translation is not lost. At the end of the paper, the author puts forward some compensation suggestions for flexible handling of the target text and the original text. When the form is not allowed to be changed in the source language, it is better to reproduce the original form in the target language, and the cooperation of the translators between China and the West. In the author's view, it should be a relatively ideal model to reduce the loss in translation.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H315.9;I046

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