认识论文学观的问题与实践论文学观的出

发布时间：2018-03-06 13:45

本文选题：认识论　切入点：意识形态　出处：《学术界》2017年09期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：从马克思主义哲学基础看,意识形态是认识论概念;但从马克思复活这个概念是为变革社会制度的目的看,意识形态具有实践性。这是一方面。另一方面,从文学的个性化、情感化本质,从文学对现实的否定性、批判性来看,这种活动首先是实践性的,而非认识性的。从而,意识形态的实践性凸显和文学自性的重新发现,共同引发实践论文学观的出场。总体上,美学观念的变革领先于文学,近年来,朱立元先生提出的"实践存在论"及美学构想对实践论问题有所拓展和深化,可以为文学观念的转向提供参照。但在笔者看来,无论是朱立元先生的"实践存在论",还是王元骧先生的"实践本性论",此类构想因为偏哲学思考和意味,于文学自身的特性,始终未能给予充分的重视。于此特提议用"审美实践"定性文学。其中,审美强调人的精神的自由意志的层面,实践指向人改造客观世界同时改造自身的层面;但不论是实践还是审美,对现实的超越性、引导性方面则是相同的。文学因此不再满足于作为意识形态的附庸,而同时承担着瓦解意识形态的使命。
[Abstract]:On the basis of Marxist philosophy, ideology is an epistemological concept, but from the point of view that Marx resurrected the concept for the purpose of reforming the social system, ideology is practical. This is on the one hand, and on the other hand, from the individuation of literature, In the view of the negativity and criticality of literature to reality, this activity is first practical, not cognitive. Thus, the practicality of ideology and the rediscovery of literary self-nature, On the whole, the transformation of aesthetic concept is ahead of literature. In recent years, Zhu Liyuan's theory of "practical existence" and aesthetic conception have expanded and deepened the practical theory. It can be used as a reference for the turn of literary ideas. However, in the author's opinion, whether it is Zhu Liyuan's "practical existentialism" or Wang Yuanxiang's "practical nature theory", this kind of conception is based on the characteristics of literature because of its philosophical thinking and implication. It is suggested that literature should be characterized by "aesthetic practice". Among them, aesthetics emphasizes the level of free will of human spirit, and practice points to the transformation of the objective world and the level of oneself at the same time. But whether it is practice or aesthetic appreciation, the transcendence to reality is the same in guiding aspect. Therefore, literature is no longer satisfied with the subservience of ideology, but undertakes the mission of disintegrating ideology at the same time.
【作者单位】：兰州城市学院文史学院;
【基金】：[*]本文系国家社科基金重点项目“新时期文艺理论建设与文艺批评研究”(项目编号:12AZD012)的阶段成果
【分类号】：I06

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