从博弈论视角看葛浩文英译《呼兰河传》

发布时间：2018-03-13 10:37

本文选题：《呼兰河传》　切入点：博弈论　出处：《电子科技大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：《呼兰河传》是继《生死场》后作者的又一部最杰出的代表作,它曾震撼了整个文学世界。这是萧红后期的一部代表作,因此语言更加出色,写作技巧更加娴熟,思想也更加深刻。该小说语言的创意元素丰富,颇多的文化词和习语给翻译带来了极大的困难。博弈论是一门有关互动策略制定的理论。翻译具有博弈的属性。因为翻译实质就是一场博弈,在翻译博弈的过程中,博弈方会根据自己对其他博弈方对自己博弈策略的反应的判断做出最终的博弈策略选择。而且翻译涵盖了博弈的所有因素:博弈方(译者)掌握了其他博弈方(原文作者,目标语读者,出版社)一定量的信息,会获得一定的收益,并且会做出自己的决策以此来使自己的收益最大化。本文将通过博弈论及其数学矩阵的博弈模型客观而全面地分析在翻译《呼兰河传》时各利益主体的博弈活动。本文将具体地再现译者这一博弈主体抽象的决策过程,分析译者如何处理自己与其他博弈方的利益关系,最终实现纳什均衡和帕累托最优。更重要的是,本文将更深入地剖析数学矩阵中客观的数字背后暗含的文化、社会、及政治因素。本文分为五章。第一章主要介绍本文的研究背景、文献综述以及博弈论。第二、三、四章是本文的主体部分,该部分将分别从背景介绍、博弈模型及案例分析等三个方面讨论译者与原文作者、目标语读者和出版社之间的三局博弈,再现译者在翻译博弈中的抉择过程,逐一分析译者在做出最终策略选择时怎样进行多方考量,在使自己收益最大化的同时协调各方利益并最终实现纳什均衡和帕累托最优。第五章主要对前四章进行回顾,反思本文的优缺点,并对本文作出最后的总结。通过对译者决策过程的分析,本文发现在翻译《呼兰河传》时,葛浩文针对不同特点的文本内容,采用了灵活多样的翻译策略,以期实现纳什均衡和帕累托最优。同时,在综合分析之后,本文就中国文学的对外传播得到了一定的启示。由于中国文学在西方社会还处于第三世界的地位,在多元文化系统中处于边缘位置;并且西方读者对中国文学的接受能力尚处于初级阶段,需要一定的过程,因此包括葛浩文在内的大多数译者在翻译时往往会更多地考虑读者的接受情况,以读者为中心,甚至还会以牺牲原文为代价,以期作品能进入西方市场。但是这是中国文学走出去的一条必经之路。一个国家的文化传播需要一个过程,而前期的牺牲就显得尤为重要。
[Abstract]:The biography of Hulan River is another of the most outstanding masterpieces of the author after "the Field of Life and death". It has shaken the whole literary world. This is a masterpiece of Xiao Hong's later period, so his language is better and his writing skills are more skillful. The idea is also deeper. The language of the novel is rich in creative elements, There are a lot of cultural words and idioms that bring great difficulties to translation. Game theory is a theory about interactive strategy making. Translation has the attribute of game, because translation is essentially a game, in the process of translation game. The gamer will make the final choice of the game strategy based on his own judgment on the reaction of the other players to his own game strategy. Moreover, the translation covers all the factors of the game: the gamer (translator) has mastered the other game players (the original author). Target readers, publishers) a certain amount of information, will get a certain amount of income, And will make their own decisions to maximize their income. This paper will objectively and comprehensively analyze the game activities of various stakeholders in the translation of Hulan River by game theory and its mathematical matrix game model. This paper will concretely reproduce the abstract decision-making process of the translator as a game player. This paper analyzes how translators deal with their own interests with other players, and finally achieves Nash equilibrium and Pareto Optima. More importantly, this paper will further analyze the culture and society behind the objective numbers in the mathematical matrix. This paper is divided into five chapters. The first chapter introduces the research background, literature review and game theory. The second, third, and fourth chapters are the main part of this paper, which will be introduced from the background. The game model and case analysis discuss the three-game game between the translator and the original author, the target reader and the publishing house, and reproduce the translator's choice process in the translation game. One by one, the author analyzes how the translator considers how to make the final strategy choice, coordinate the interests of all parties while maximizing his own income, and finally achieve Nash equilibrium and Pareto optimal. Chapter 5th reviews the first four chapters. Through the analysis of the translator's decision-making process, it is found that in the translation of "Hulan River Biography", the author adopts flexible and diverse translation strategies for different text content. In order to achieve Nash equilibrium and Pareto optimal. At the same time, after a comprehensive analysis, this paper has some enlightenment on the external dissemination of Chinese literature, because Chinese literature is still in the position of the third World in Western society. And the acceptance ability of western readers to Chinese literature is still in the initial stage, which requires a certain process. As a result, most translators, including the author, tend to pay more attention to the acceptance of the reader, focus on the reader, and even sacrifice the original text at the expense of the original text. But this is the only way for Chinese literature to go out. The cultural communication of a country needs a process, and the sacrifice in the early stage is especially important.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：I046;H315.9

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