顾仲彝改译剧研究

发布时间：2018-04-12 22:33

本文选题：顾仲彝 + 改译剧　；参考：《北京外国语大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：顾仲彝(1903.12.12-1965.02.07)是中国著名的戏剧家、翻译家、教育家,为中国的话剧发展做出了重要的贡献。观其一生,作为戏剧家,顾仲彝创作、改译了多部戏剧,并始终不渝地参与着中国话剧运动的重要历程;作为翻译家,顾仲彝重视向我国读者介绍外国戏剧,翻译了多个作家的多部作品;作为教育家,顾仲彝亲手创办了上海戏剧实验学校(即上海戏剧学院的前身),为我国的戏剧领域培养了众多人才。本研究立足于顾仲彝的改译剧,作为中国话剧史上改译外国戏剧最多的剧作家,顾仲彝从1925年到1947年共创作改译剧22部,其中有多部常年上演,成为了中国话剧史上的经典之作。改译是一个立足于本民族需求,将外国戏剧融入中国本土的过程,改译者如何通过改译作品传递社会和文化的意义体现了改译者的思想和眼光。本文首先从顾仲彝一生的教育教学及戏剧活动出发,探究其改译实践和具体的话剧活动之间的关系,以此更为全面地理解改译者改译的初衷、目的及意义。其次,顾仲彝作为戏剧家同时作为教育家,他主动地通过改译戏剧表达了一定的社会教育的思想。在中国话剧发展最为重要的两个时期——"五四"和抗战时期,顾仲彝通过不同剧目的改译表达了他对社会问题的关注,期望发挥戏剧的社会教育功能,以此促进民智民德的进步、激发爱国爱民的热情,培养高尚的思想情操,从而改造改良社会。如《人之初》的改译,通过主人公张伯南从一个正直的小学教员在金钱世界中堕落的遭遇,表达了剧作家对于金钱社会的讽刺与批判,在抗战的语境中,启示了人们应该走的道路;《生财有道》的改译,在增添的抗战背景下,有目的地转换了"吝啬"的含义,通过"悭吝人"指涉在国难当头仍自私自利,只求"小我"的自保而无视民族危难的利己主义者;《梅萝香》的改译,在"五四"社会问题剧兴盛的时代背景下,以一个"堕落的娜拉"的女伶形象引起了观众的惋惜与哀叹,以她不幸的爱情悲剧引发了观众对妇女命运问题的讨论。最后,改译戏剧的本质是为了舞台表演。在改译的过程中,顾仲彝从"语言""舞台动作"及"布景"三个方面进行了重要的考量,通过这三方面的改译,将那些与中国文化很不相同的西方作品融入到了中国土壤中,完成了异质文化的转换,赢得了观众与时代的民族认同。附录部分笔者根据已有资料分析并加以补充,整理出了顾仲彝改译剧目一览表及顾仲彝生平简表,并通过申报数据库、民国报刊索引等数据库全面搜集了有关顾仲彝的戏剧实践活动资料及改译剧的文本资料,整理出顾仲彝改译剧从1937年到1945年的上演情况,对现有研究进行了一定的补充。
[Abstract]:Gu Zhongyi (1903.12.12-1965.02.07) is a famous Chinese dramatist, translator and educator, who has made great contributions to the development of Chinese drama.Throughout his life, Gu Zhongyi, as a dramatist, wrote and translated many plays and participated unswervingly in the important course of the Chinese drama movement. As a translator, Gu Zhongyi attached great importance to introducing foreign plays to our readers.As an educator Gu Zhongyi personally founded the Shanghai Drama Experimental School (the predecessor of the Shanghai Academy of Drama) and trained many talents in the field of drama in China.This study is based on Gu Zhongyi's retranslation of drama. As the largest dramatist in the history of Chinese modern drama, Gu Zhongyi created 22 revised plays from 1925 to 1947, many of which were staged all year round.It has become a classic in the history of Chinese modern drama.Translation modification is a process of integrating foreign drama into Chinese native country based on the needs of our own people. How the translator conveys the social and cultural significance through the translation of the revised works reflects the translator's thoughts and vision.Based on Gu Zhongyi's education, teaching and drama activities in his life, this paper probes into the relationship between his translation practice and his specific drama activities, so as to understand more comprehensively the original intention, purpose and significance of the translation modification.Secondly, Gu Zhongyi, as a dramatist and educator, took the initiative to express his thoughts of social education through the translation of drama.In the two most important periods of the development of Chinese modern dramas, the May 4th Movement and the War of Resistance against Japan, Gu Zhongyi expressed his concern for social problems through the translation of different plays, hoping to play the role of social education in the drama.In order to promote the progress of the people, stimulate patriotism and love for the people, cultivate noble ideas and sentiments, so as to reform and improve the society.For example, the retranslation of "the beginning of Man", through the protagonist Chamberlain's fall from an upright elementary school teacher in the world of money, expresses the playwright's satire and criticism of the money society, in the context of the War of Resistance against Japan.In the context of the added War of Resistance, the meaning of "stingy" has been purposefully changed, and through "covetous people", it refers to the selfishness involved in the national disaster.An egoist who only seeks the self-preservation of the "ego" and ignores the national distress; the retranslation of "Melo Xiang", under the background of the flourishing "May 4th" social problem drama, has aroused the regret and lamentation of the audience with the image of a "fallen Nora" actress.With her tragic love tragedy, the audience discussed the fate of women.Finally, the essence of the translation of drama is for stage performance.In the process of translation, Gu Zhongyi has made important consideration from three aspects: "language" and "stage action" and "setting". Through these three aspects, the Western works, which are very different from Chinese culture, have been incorporated into the Chinese soil.Completed the transformation of heterogeneous culture, won the audience and the national identity of the times.The appendix part of the author according to the existing data analysis and supplement, and collate Gu Zhongyi's revised repertoire list and Gu Zhongyi life summary table, and through the application database,The index of newspapers and periodicals of the Republic of China has collected all kinds of information about Gu Zhongyi's drama practice activities and the texts of his operas, sorted out the situation of the operas performed from 1937 to 1945, and made a certain supplement to the existing studies.
【学位授予单位】：北京外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H059;I046

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