《呐喊》两个英译本的翻译补偿策略对比研究

发布时间：2018-05-03 12:29

本文选题：翻译补偿策略 + 《呐喊》的英译　；参考：《山西师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：鲁迅先生是中国世纪文化、文学、思想领域无法回避的重要人物。鲁迅先生的作品驰名中外,被翻译成各种语言,如英语、越南语、捷克语等。他所创作的小说集《呐喊》是中国第一部白话文作品,被视为中国文学史上的一座里程碑。然而,由于英汉两种语言在语言结构、文化背景等方面存在着种种差异,翻译中各种意义和审美价值的损失是不可避免的。因而,为了把这种损失降低到最少,翻译补偿策略便被译者广泛应用于翻译实践过程中,指导翻译实践的完成,推动翻译理论的发展。《呐喊》英译本与《呐喊》汉译本一样广为流传。其中,最具代表性的为中国翻译家杨宪益戴乃迭夫妇的合译本与美国学者莱尔的译本。本文选取这两个译本作为研究对象,来讨论如何在译文中尽可能准确无误地再现传达原文信息。文章主要回答三个问题:第一,杨宪益戴乃迭夫妇和莱尔翻译《呐喊》时从哪些方面进行补偿?第二,他们补偿的策略有哪些?第三,两个译本的补偿策略有什么相似以及不同之处,是什么造成的?论文通过对比研究法对两个不同译本进行比较分析,笔者发现这两个译本分别在文化、语法、审美、语义及语用方面进行翻译补偿。然后对这五个方面的翻译补偿策略进行量化分析,用实例说明两个译本的不同层次补偿。最后发现,针对文化方面的缺失,他们采用释义法、音译法、加注释、归化法来进行补偿;增译法则用来补偿语法方面的缺失;对于审美方面的缺失,译者采用同构补偿手段加以补偿;释义法、替代法、加注释的补偿策略大量应用于补偿语义层面的缺失;对于语用层面的缺失,译者根据语境的不同采用归化法来进行补偿。对比分析这两个译本的补偿策略之后,笔者总结出杨宪益和莱尔的译本有很多共同之处,即使对具体词汇的选择稍有差异,这是因为他们对于原作的理解达到了共识。但是,由于译者所处的时代不同、翻译目的不同、目标读者的定位不同,莱尔对归化法及注释法的使用远远多于杨宪益夫妇。总而言之,本文通过对其两英译本中翻译补偿策略的对比分析,进而总结出具有普遍价值的翻译补偿策略,用以指导其他文学作品的翻译。同时提出,一名优秀的译者既应该充分考虑源语的社会和文化因素,又应该把握目标语读者的接受能力,通过补偿策略的灵活使用,从而达到最大限度地保留原文风格,传播中国文化的目的。
[Abstract]:Lu Xun is an important figure in the field of Chinese culture, literature and ideology. Lu Xun's works are well known at home and abroad and have been translated into various languages, such as English, Vietnamese, Czech and so on. His collection of novels, the Scream, is the first vernacular writing in China and is regarded as a milestone in the history of Chinese literature. However, due to the differences between English and Chinese in terms of language structure and cultural background, the loss of various meanings and aesthetic values in translation is inevitable. Therefore, in order to minimize this loss, the translation compensation strategy is widely used by the translator in the process of translation practice to guide the completion of translation practice. Promote the development of translation theory. The English version is as popular as the Chinese version. Among them, the most representative one is the Chinese translator Yang Xianyi and the American scholar Lyle's translation. This paper chooses the two versions as the object of study to discuss how to accurately reproduce the original information in the translation. The article mainly answers three questions: first, when Yang Xianyi and Lyle translated the Scream, what aspects of compensation should be taken? Second, what are their compensation strategies? Third, what are the similarities and differences between the compensation strategies of the two versions, and what are the causes? Through a comparative study of the two versions, the author finds that the two versions are compensated in terms of culture, grammar, aesthetics, semantics and pragmatics. Then the translation compensation strategies in these five aspects are analyzed quantitatively, and the different levels of compensation in the two versions are illustrated by examples. Finally, it is found that they use interpretation, transliteration, annotation and domestication to compensate for the cultural deficiency; the law of increasing translation is used to compensate for the lack of grammar; and for the lack of aesthetics, The translator compensates by means of isomorphic compensation; the compensation strategy of interpretation, substitution and annotation is applied to compensate for the loss of semantic level; for the loss of pragmatic level, the translator adopts the domestication method according to the different context. After a comparative analysis of the compensation strategies of the two versions, the author concludes that Yang Xianyi and Lyle's versions have much in common, even though the choice of specific words is slightly different, which is because their understanding of the original works has reached a consensus. However, due to the different times, different translation purposes and different target readers, Lyle used the domestication method and annotation method much more than Yang Xianyi and his wife. In a word, through the contrastive analysis of the translation compensation strategies in the two English versions, this paper concludes the translation compensation strategies of universal value to guide the translation of other literary works. At the same time, it is suggested that a good translator should not only take into account the social and cultural factors of the source language, but also grasp the acceptability of the target language readers, so as to retain the original style to the maximum extent through the flexible use of compensatory strategies. The purpose of spreading Chinese culture.
【学位授予单位】：山西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H315.9;I046

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