克尔凯郭尔反讽概念研究

发布时间：2018-05-03 21:23

本文选题：克尔凯郭尔 + 生存境界　；参考：《河北大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 克尔凯郭尔是丹麦十九世纪著名基督教神学家、存在主义思想伟大先驱,他一生论著丰赡,理论与思想成果颇丰,涉及多个学科以及领域,他的反讽概念就是其中较为独特且具有开创性的理论。克尔凯郭尔通过对色诺芬、柏拉图以及阿里斯托芬的文本分析与解读,还原了苏格拉底的原始形象,并挖掘其背后生存的立场,借此对反讽做了概念化的解析,并认为反讽概念的实质就是苏格拉底的生存立场。据此论述并结合他的生存境界论,克氏反讽概念可被界定为生存性反讽,而且它不只单纯的局限于概念化解析,而且延伸到了克尔凯郭尔的生存哲学中。在生存三境界中,反讽完成了跨越与超越,贯通了生存三境界,承载着克尔凯郭尔对人的生存的思考与他的宗教理想。克氏独特的反讽概念也就使这个古老理论具备了相对新颖的特征,即实践性、个体性、主观性、否定性以及宗教性等。生存性反讽在理论方面虽然具有很大的开创性,但也并非克尔凯郭尔独创,它与其他的反讽理论有着密切的联系。经过比较分析,生存性反讽与传统修辞学意义上的古典反讽有着传承关系,对它是在生存立场角度上的继承与深化;同时也受到德国浪漫派的反讽理论的影响,但对浪漫反讽持批判态度,并在批判中有所超越;与后来的新批评反讽是相互对立的关系,但从另一种角度上说却是一种主观性、个体性的有益补充。总之,生存性反讽几乎摆脱了文本的局限及其对反讽的束缚,不流于对现象的简单描述,强调反讽的主观性与个体性,深入开掘了文本背后的态度与立场,使反讽由文本层面跨越到人的生存层面,更加接近反讽的本源、更加直接与纯粹、更具有概括性。这对于文学批评中对文本的解读具有一定的启示意义,而克尔凯郭尔对苏格拉底的解析实际上就是很好的范本。但是,生存性反讽对于主观性、个体性的过分强调,对生存层面的意蕴过度开掘,从而造成了对文本层面的忽略,使得生存性反讽理论不乏牵强附会之处,这也不免显得极端与片面。
[Abstract]:Kerr Kay Gol was a famous Christian theologian in Denmark in the nineteenth Century, a great pioneer of existentialism. His life was rich and rich in theory and thought, involving many disciplines and fields. His ironic concept was a more unique and pioneering theory. Kerr Kay Gol passed Xenophon, Platon, and Ali. The text analysis and interpretation of stonen restores the original image of Socrates, and excavates the standpoint of his existence, and analyzes the irony conceptually, and thinks that the essence of the irony concept is the Socrates' standpoint of survival.
According to this, the Kirschner irony concept can be defined as a survivability irony, and it is not only limited to conceptual analysis, but also extends to Kerr Kay Gol's philosophy of existence. In the three realm of existence, irony completes the crossing and transcendence, through the three realm of survival, and carries the Kerr Kay Gol pair. The thought of human existence and his religious ideals. The Kirschner's unique irony concept also makes this old theory relatively novel features, namely, practicality, individuality, subjectivity, negativity, and religion. Although existential irony has great originality in theory, it is not original Kerr Kay Gol, it is with the others. The theory of irony has a close relationship. After comparative analysis, the existential irony has inherited and deepened the classical irony in the traditional rhetoric. It is also influenced by the irony theory of the German Romantics, but has a critical attitude to the irony and surpassed the criticism. It is opposite to the later criticism and irony, but from another angle it is a subjective and beneficial supplement of individuality.
In a word, the existential irony almost gets rid of the limitations of the text and the shackles of irony. It does not flow to a simple description of the phenomenon, emphasizes the subjectivity and individuality of the irony, deeply excavate the attitude and position behind the text, and make irony from the text level to the human survival level, more close to the source of irony, more direct and pure, more pure, more pure. It has a generality. This has some enlightenment to the interpretation of text in literary criticism, and Kerr Kay Gol's analysis of Socrates is actually a good model. However, the existential irony is too much emphasis on subjectivity, individuality and the meaning of survival level, thus resulting in the neglect of the text level. It makes the irony theory of existence irrelevant and unavoidable.

【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：I0

【参考文献】