笛福与图尼埃笔下鲁滨逊形象的生态学解读

发布时间：2018-05-09 06:01

本文选题：鲁滨逊 + 丹尼尔·笛福　；参考：《湘潭大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 18世纪英国小说家丹尼尔·笛福与20世纪法国作家米歇尔·图尼埃都塑造了鲁滨逊这一形象。两个作者所讲述的鲁滨逊故事在题材上有着很强的同源性,但内蕴却截然不同。笛福的鲁滨逊是资产阶级新人形象的代表,体现出强烈的进取心和征服欲,是人类文明和价值观的捍卫者;礼拜五则是野蛮和愚昧的代名词,自然除了工具价值之外不具备任何意义。而在图尼埃的笔下,鲁滨逊蕴含着深刻的哲理意义,他在征服、改造自然取得成果后又反思其行动的正义性,逐渐认识到现代文明的进步是建立在对自然的破坏上,进而对现代文明失望乃至绝望;礼拜五在图尼埃的作品中被赋予了新意,从被动的接受者和愚昧的他者变成了现代文明人的教导者;自然在图尼埃的笔下也从机械物质变成了精神家园。生态批评兴起于20世纪中后期的欧美,是对日益突出的环境问题的直接回应。生态批评反思造成环境问题的社会文化根源,将批判矛头直指西方文化内部。在生态批评的视野下分析笛福的《鲁滨逊漂流记》和图尼埃的《礼拜五——太平洋上的灵薄狱》、《鲁滨逊·克罗索的结局》中的鲁滨逊形象,揭示前者被遮蔽的反生态思想和后者蕴含的生态性因素,有助于重审这三部作品的意义。
[Abstract]:Daniel Defoe, an English novelist in the 18 th century, and Michel Tournier, a French writer in the 20 th century, both shaped the image of Robinson. The two writers tell Robinson stories with strong homology in subject matter, but the connotations are quite different. Robinson of Defoe is the representative of the image of the new bourgeoisie, which embodies a strong desire for enterprise and subjugation, and is the guardian of human civilization and values, and Friday is a synonym for barbarism and ignorance. Nature has no meaning but the value of tools. In Tournier's works, Robinson contains profound philosophical significance. After conquering and transforming nature, he reflects on the justice of his actions, and gradually realizes that the progress of modern civilization is based on the destruction of nature. On Friday, Tournier's works were endowed with new ideas, from the passive receiver and the ignorant other to the modern civilized person's teacher. Nature in Tournier's pen also changed from mechanical material to spiritual home. The rise of ecological criticism in Europe and America in the middle and late 20th century is a direct response to the increasingly prominent environmental problems. Ecological criticism reflects on the social and cultural roots of environmental problems and points the criticism at the inside of western culture. From the perspective of ecological criticism, we analyze the image of Robinson in Defoe's Crusoe Crusoe and Tournier's' Friday-Pacific Soul in the Pacific, 'the ending of Robinson Crosso. It is helpful to review the significance of the three works by revealing the anti-ecological thoughts of the former and the ecological factors contained in the latter.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：I106;I0-03

【引证文献】