主述位理论在唐诗英译中的应用研究

发布时间：2018-05-25 10:04

本文选题：主述位理论 + 唐诗　；参考：《中国海洋大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 在中华文化和汉语风行世界的背景下,唐诗作为中国古典文学中的一朵奇葩,越来越多的人想通过她来了解中国文化、甚至学习汉语。虽然唐诗的英文译作问世的为数不少,翻译家和翻译理论家们也一直致力于该领域的研究,但是唐诗的翻译和翻译的评价标准一直以来是模糊的、在实践中也确实难以把握。就文学体裁而言,诗歌是不同于人们平时普通的话语交际的。而唐诗与英语诗歌又受到语言文化等诸多因素的影响,天各一方,迥然不同。问世的多译本并存,百家争鸣,反映出唐诗英译,从译介之初的尝试,到译界内的争鸣求新的可喜发展。我们认为单一地从翻译理论出发并不能很好的解决唐诗英译中的一些问题,尽管我们也赞同翻译理论的发展对于翻译实践是有着积极意义的。就本文我们是倾向于用语言学理论来指导进行语言实践活动,其中也包括翻译活动,反过来其对于语言理论的发展也是有积极意义的。国内外在唐诗英译中已经做了大量的努力,也取得了很多成果。许渊冲、余光中、孙大雨、翁显良等著名翻译家,从自己的实践中做出了一些总结,也提出了一些对于唐诗英译中可以借鉴的方法。从我们的角度来看他们的努力是值得肯定的,但是也是可以进一步量化、具体化的,这为语言学,尤其是为系统功能语言学留有施展拳脚的一席之地。主述位理论已应用于话语分析和翻译实践的分析。该理论最初是由布拉格学派的马太修斯提出,被功能语言学进一步发展完善的。韩礼德概括为单项主位、复项主位和小句主位三种。就主位推进模式而言,丹尼斯(1974),黄国文(1988),胡壮林等(2005),张德禄(2005)都进行了研究和概括。我们的假设是通过主述位理论使我们的唐诗英译得到发展。主述位理论给我们的译者提供了区别于传统翻译的视角和新的机制。我们是在尝试着用科学的语言学手段来“武装”翻译这一艺术性的语言实践活动。在此,我们无意参与翻译是艺术还是科学的争论,我们只是想用功能语言学来对于翻译实践进行有益的指导,并发现其规律,做一点量化的努力。我们的研究得出了一些主述位理论有益于唐诗英译的总结。源语唐诗中的省略主位在译入语中要得以补偿,但是要避免过多重复;小句主位的出现频率低,否则会破坏“意美”;复项主位的应用是为了加强连贯,并方便目标语读者;标记主位的应用为诗歌的格律和押韵提供了条件和手段;主位推进模式的选择和应用为唐诗的翻译提供了一个忠实、具体的标准;主位推进模式在唐诗英译中不是不变化的,但是频繁的更迭是受到限制的。尽管我们的研究需要进一步的完善,但是可以管中窥豹,对唐诗英译提供一个更为具体的、科学的视角。我们的总结也应用到了一些译作的修改,并得出了一些改进的译文,也是可以通过检测的。但是为了更客观,我们认为可以在今后的研究中采用调查问卷的形式,在不同的目标语读者(母语为中文的英译文读者、母语为英语但是懂中文的英译文读者、不懂中文的英译文读者)中进行进一步调查研究。
[Abstract]:In the context of Chinese culture and Chinese culture, Tang poetry is a wonderful flower in Chinese classical literature. More and more people want to understand Chinese culture and even learn Chinese through her. Although there are many English versions of the English translation of Tang poetry, translators and translation theorists have been devoted to the research in this field, but the Tang Poetry The evaluation criteria of translation and translation have been vague and difficult to grasp in practice.
As far as literary genres are concerned, poetry is different from the common language communication in ordinary times. The Tang poetry and English poetry are influenced by many factors such as language and culture, which are quite different. The coexistence of multiple translations and a hundred schools of thought contend, reflecting the English translation of the Tang poetry, the beginning of the translation and the contending for the new translation within the boundary of the translation. We think it is not good to solve some problems in the translation of Tang poetry from a single translation theory, although we also agree that the development of translation theory is of positive significance to translation practice. It is also of positive significance to the development of language theory.
A lot of efforts have been made in the English translation of Tang poetry both at home and abroad, and many achievements have been made. Some famous translators, such as Xu Yuan Chong, Yu Guangzhong, sun rain and Weng hen Liang, have made some summing up from their own practice and some methods that can be used for reference in Tang Shiying's translation. From our point of view, their efforts are worth affirming. But it can be further quantified and materialized, which is a place for linguistics, especially for systemic functional linguistics.
The theory of theme rheme has been applied to the analysis of discourse analysis and translation practice. This theory was first proposed by Ma Tai, the Prague school, and is further developed by functional linguistics. Hallidy is generalized as a single theme, a complex theme and a clause three. In terms of the mode of theme propulsion, Denis (1974), Huang Guo Wen (1988), Hu Zhuanglin (2005), Zhang Delu (2005) has made a study and summary. Our hypothesis is to develop the English translation of Tang poetry through the theory of theme rheme. The theory of theme rheme provides our translators with different perspectives and new mechanisms. We are trying to "armed" the art of translating this art with the linguistic means of science. In this case, we do not intend to participate in the debate between art or science. We just want to use functional linguistics to guide the translation practice, find its laws, and make a little effort to quantify it.
Our study concludes that some of the main rheme theory is beneficial to the English translation of the Tang poetry. The omission theme in the Tang poetry of the source language should be compensated, but to avoid too much repetition; the occurrence frequency of the clause is low, otherwise the "meaning beauty" will be destroyed; the application of the complex theme is to strengthen the coherence and to facilitate the target language reader; The application of the theme provided the conditions and means for the rhythm and rhyme of poetry; the selection and application of the pattern of thematic propulsion provided a faithful and specific standard for the translation of the Tang poetry; the mode of theme promotion was not unchanged in the English translation of the Tang poetry, but the frequent changes were restricted.
Although our research needs to be further improved, we can provide a more specific and scientific perspective to the English translation of Tang poetry. Our summary has also been applied to the revision of some translations, and some improved translations can be detected. But in order to be more objective, we think that we can study in the future. In the form of questionnaire, further investigation was carried out among the different target language readers (native English translation readers, native English but Chinese English translation readers, and English translation readers who did not understand Chinese).
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：I046;H315.9

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