诗歌翻译中的变译及译者主体性

发布时间：2018-06-13 19:04

本文选题：变译 + 译者主体性　；参考：《中国地质大学(北京)》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：翻译理论研究进入文化转向前,其基本出发点仅限于对翻译活动的对象即原作的考察(袁筱一,邹东来,2011)。在上世纪80年代末90年代初,翻译理论研究中出现了文化转向,并随之伴有两大特征:其一,翻译研究的出发点由原作转向译作,特别是作为翻译活动中行为主体的译者;其二,翻译研究的出发点由原作所在的译出语创作环境转向译作所在的译入语语言环境。由此,译者主体及其属性成为了翻译理论研究的又一重要课题。然而,在研究译者主体性的过程中,传统译论对译者在翻译活动中的主体作用具有负面消解的影响。例如,传统翻译三原则当中的“忠实”观或以形式为归依、或以意义为归依,无论如何,都认为作为翻译主体的译者不应当在翻译作品中留下痕迹,这种来自译者的翻译痕迹被认为是消极的、错误的,然而,从各类翻译作品、尤其是文学作品的复译现象来看,翻译主体在任何翻译作品中的创造痕迹都是无可避免的,翻译不存在所谓的“透明”或“零度”。另一方面,从译者主体性的角度出发,变译理论为其在文学翻译中存在的合理性提供了理论支撑以及实践指导。变译是相对“全译”而存在的翻译现象,其不仅承认了以传统忠实观为最高准则的全译,并肯定了以译者主体、目标读者、译入语语言环境等条件为综合考量的翻译变体,在“翻译总是一种创造性叛逆”的基础上,为翻译实践提供了多元化的方法指导与评价标准。通过比较冯唐及郑振铎翻译的《飞鸟集》译本,本文主要研究了译者主体性及变译理论之间的关系,以及两者在诗歌翻译中的体现和运用。本文对变译及译者主体性两大概念进行了深入而广泛地考察和阐释,并联系了创造性叛逆和翻译理论研究中的“文化转向”等重要理论学说,认为译者主体性的存在具有充分合理性,并且,变译与全译是一对地位平等的概念,二者的重要性不相上下。此次比较研究还发现了在黄忠廉教授提出的变译十二法中,改译及仿作这两类翻译方法十分适用于诗歌翻译。
[Abstract]:Before the study of translation theory entered into the cultural turn, its basic starting point was limited to the study of the object of translation activity, that is, the original work (Yuan Xiaoyi, Zou Donglai, 2011). In the late 1980s and early 1990s, there was a cultural turn in the study of translation theory, which was accompanied by two characteristics: first, the starting point of translation study was shifted from the original to the translation, especially as the translator as the subject of translation; Second, the starting point of translation studies is from the original writing environment to the target language environment. Therefore, the translator's subject and its attributes have become another important subject in the study of translation theory. However, in the process of studying the translator's subjectivity, the traditional translation theory has a negative influence on the translator's subjective role in translation activities. For example, it is believed that the translator, as the subject of translation, should not leave a trace in the translation of the three principles of "faithfulness" or "form" or "meaning". This trace of translation from the translator is considered to be negative and wrong. However, judging from the phenomenon of retranslation of all kinds of translated works, especially literary works, the creative traces of translation subjects in any translation work are inevitable. There is no "transparency" or "zero degree" in translation. On the other hand, from the perspective of translator's subjectivity, the theory of variable translation provides theoretical support and practical guidance for its rationality in literary translation. Variant translation is a relatively "complete translation" phenomenon. It not only recognizes the traditional concept of faithfulness as the highest criterion of complete translation, but also affirms the translation variants which are considered comprehensively by the translator's subject, the target reader, the target language environment, and so on. On the basis of "Translation is always a kind of creative treason", it provides diversified method guidance and evaluation criteria for translation practice. By comparing the translation of Flying Birds by Feng Tang and Zheng Zhenduo, this paper focuses on the relationship between the translator's subjectivity and the translation theory, as well as their embodiment and application in poetry translation. This paper makes a thorough and extensive study and interpretation of the concepts of variable translation and translator's subjectivity, and combines the important theories of "cultural turn" in the study of creative treason and translation theory. The author holds that the existence of the translator's subjectivity is fully reasonable, and that variable translation and complete translation are two equal concepts of equal status, and they are equally important. The comparative study also found that among the twelve translation methods proposed by Professor Huang Zhonglian, the two translation methods, modified translation and imitation translation, are very suitable for poetry translation.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H315.9;I046

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