从“批评”到“批判”——福柯的《何为批判》与文学批评者的身份探求

发布时间：2018-01-18 09:25

本文关键词：从“批评”到“批判”——福柯的《何为批判》与文学批评者的身份探求　出处：《国外文学》2013年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：一个至今为文学研究者忽略的演讲便是福柯1978年的《何为批判》,他在其中提出了西方传统中的"批评(批判)的态度",探讨了批评者应有的批判的姿态和"惟一性"身份。本论文围绕关键词critique包含的"批评"、"批判"的双重含义做该词的思想史梳理,尤其比较了福柯的演讲与2000年茱迪丝·巴特勒的同名演讲,后者对福柯作了精彩的后现代主义伦理阐释。在当代批评理论的实践中,萨义德亦将福柯置于其"世俗批评"的代表之列,伊格尔顿则讨论了英语批评机制的嬗变与批评者在公共空间中的地位。纵观这个思想史,当代西方的批评观便有了从"批评"到"批判"的微妙转向,从而启发我们在理论上建构文学批评者的批判意识与"惟一性"身份。
[Abstract]:One speech that has been neglected by literary researchers is Foucault's "what is criticism" in 1978, in which he puts forward the "critical attitude" in the western tradition. This paper discusses the critical attitude and "uniqueness" of the critics. This thesis focuses on the dual meanings of the word "criticism" and "criticism" contained in the key word critique, and makes a combing of the ideological history of the word. In particular, Foucault's speech was compared with Judith Butler's speech of the same name in 2000, which gave Foucault an excellent post-modernist ethical interpretation in the practice of contemporary critical theory. Saeed also placed Foucault among his representatives of "secular criticism", while Eagleton discussed the evolution of English criticism mechanism and the position of critics in public space. The contemporary western view of criticism has a subtle turn from "criticism" to "criticism", thus enlightening us to construct the critical consciousness and identity of "uniqueness" of literary critics in theory.
【作者单位】：北京科技大学外语学院英语系;
【分类号】：I565.06
【正文快照】： 《牛津英语大词典(简编本)》(ShorterOxford English Dictionary)解释“批评”(critique)一词为法语词汇,词源来自希腊文tekhne,自17世纪中期开始,其意义被确定为“批评或评论的艺术、批评或评论、评论文章”等。①该词在当代英文语境下多指“批判”。②米歇尔·福柯(Michel F

【共引文献】