从合作原则的违反看小说《德伯家的苔丝》

发布时间：2018-01-21 17:53

本文关键词： 语用学合作原则苔丝四项规则　出处：《西北大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：语用学作为语言学一门新兴的独立学科,它主要研究特定情境下的特定话语,特别重视在不同的语言交际环境下如何理解和运用语言的过程。现今语用学领域的大多数研究都集中在语言学家格莱斯的合作原则上。《德伯家的苔丝》是英国作家哈代最为卓越的两部小说之一。它的背景是英国十九世纪末的资本主义社会,作者通过大量的不同身份者的对话,揭露资本主义社会的虚伪道德观,抨击了十九世纪末资本主义如何造成英国农民阶级消亡的悲剧。这样一部作品很适合以语用合作对其特定语境下的对话进行理解分析。本文提取了《德伯家的苔丝》中大量的对话,按照段落顺序,根据格莱斯的合作原则对对话进行了分析。本文并未采用传统的以合作原则中的四原则为中心的方式分析对话,而是采用以段落顺序为中心的方式,为的是更好地把握主人公的心理变化,更深层次地理解人物的性格特征,明确作者的写作目的——这些恰巧就是纵向分析的优势所在。通过纵向分析法的使用,我们能够清晰地看到一个活生生的苔丝站在我们面前。当然,该方法也有自己的局限性——即我们无法统计文中对话分别违反合作四原则的次数,进而无法进行数据分析和横向分析。
[Abstract]:As a new and independent subject of linguistics, pragmatics focuses on specific discourse in specific contexts. Special attention is paid to how to understand and use language in different language communication environments. Nowadays most of the researches in pragmatics focus on the cooperative principle of linguist Grice. Tess of the d'Urbervilles is one of Hardy's two most outstanding novels. It is set in the capitalist society of England in the end of 19th century. To expose the hypocrisy of capitalist society. It criticizes how capitalism caused the demise of the peasant class in Britain in late 19th century. Such a work is suitable for the understanding and analysis of the dialogue in its specific context by pragmatic cooperation. This paper extracts a large number of dialogues in Tess of the d'Urbervilles in paragraph order. According to Grice's principle of cooperation, the author analyzes the dialogue. This paper does not use the traditional four principles of cooperation as the central approach to the analysis of dialogue, but uses the way of paragraph order as the center. In order to better grasp the psychological changes of the protagonist, to understand the character characteristics of the characters at a deeper level, and to clarify the author's writing purpose-these are the advantages of vertical analysis. We can clearly see a living Tess standing in front of us. Of course, the method has its own limitations-that is, we can not count the number of conversations in the text in violation of the four principles of cooperation. Further, data analysis and horizontal analysis can not be carried out.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I561.074

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