《大师和玛格丽特》创作中的主体性意识解读

发布时间：2018-01-22 03:59

本文关键词： 布尔加科夫《大师和玛格丽特》主体性陌生化　出处：《南京师范大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：布尔加科夫的《大师和玛格丽特》完成于文学反映论盛行时期,一开始便受到拉普派的强烈指责,称其丑化新生社会主义制度,影射了苏维埃政权和领导人；作品出版发行后,却得到了西方评论界的高度赞扬,评论者肯定了作家反映的社会现实,并对作家的思想情感给予高度评价。然而无论褒贬,两方学者均将目光投向了作品所反映的社会现实和作家个人对事件所持的态度,即作家主体性在作品中的体现。毋庸置疑,文学艺术应当反映社会现实,但这种反映,绝不是直观、机械、单一的反映,而应当是充分能动的反映。文学的生命力也不在于作家的直抒胸臆,而在其掩饰个人主体性使其变得“陌生”,从而引发读者思考的过程当中,在于作家通过作品与读者建立平等对话关系,引导读者在阅读过程中进行审美再创造的能力之中。本文即从作品中暗含的作家主体性、作品人物主体性以及读者主体性入手,通过对作家主体性在创作手法、叙事情节和主体情感三方面的“陌生化”效果分析,探知作家在该创作中掩饰个人主体性的原因及用意,肯定“陌生化”手段对读者融入作品所起的积极作用和显著效果的同时,进一步领略布尔加科夫高超的艺术技巧和深邃的精神境界。
[Abstract]:Bulgakov's Maestro and Marguerite, which was completed in the period of literary reflection theory, was strongly criticized by the Rapp school at the beginning, saying that it had demonized the new socialist system and insinuated the Soviet regime and leaders. After the publication of the works, they were highly praised by the western critics. The reviewers affirmed the social reality reflected by the writers, and highly appraised the writers' thoughts and feelings. Both scholars have focused their attention on the social reality reflected in the works and the individual attitude of the writers to events, that is, the embodiment of the writer's subjectivity in the works. There is no doubt that literature and art should reflect social reality, but this kind of reflection is not intuitive, mechanical, single reflection, but should be a fully dynamic reflection. The vitality of literature does not lie in the writer's direct expression of his mind. And in the process of hiding personal subjectivity and making it "strange", it is in the process of causing readers to think that the author establishes equal dialogue with the reader through his works. Guide readers in the process of aesthetic re-creation of the ability. This article starts with the writer's subjectivity, the character's subjectivity and the reader's subjectivity, and through the writer's subjectivity in the creation technique. Through the analysis of the effect of "strangeness" in narrative plot and subject emotion, the author explores the reasons and intention of the writer's concealment of individual subjectivity in his creation. While affirming the positive role and remarkable effect of "defamiliarization" means on readers' integration into the works, they further appreciate Bulgakov's superb artistic skills and profound spiritual realm.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：I512.074

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