布尔加科夫小说《大师和玛格丽特》的艺术世界

发布时间：2018-01-23 03:46

本文关键词： 回归文学被耽搁的文学小说中的小说讽刺艺术世界　出处：《辽宁师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：“回归文学”作为二十世纪苏联文学一个独特的现象,近年来一直是国内外关注的热点。上世纪五十年代中期批判斯大林个人崇拜后,一大批曾受到不公正待遇的诗人和作家相继得到平反昭雪或恢复名誉,他们的一些未能发表的作品也陆续回到了广大读者手中。布尔加科夫就是的“回归文学”中的经典作家之一。米·布尔加科夫(1891--1940)是20世纪苏联文坛才华横溢的作家。1891年5月15日出生于基辅神学院一个教授家庭,1921年来到莫斯科,开始从事文学创作。1923年至1925年间,布尔加科夫陆续发表了中篇小说《魔障》、《不详的蛋》和《狗心》,这些小说内容丰富,思想深邃,其中对于奇异事物的精准描写,对于人物心理活动入木三分的刻画,无不展露了他卓越的文学才华,显示了他以讽刺怪诞见长的风格。《大师和玛格丽特》是布尔加科夫的代表作,也是他的封笔之作,“历时十二载,八易其稿”,虽然这部作品在1940年初已经完成,但真正与读者见面却在1966至1967年间。因此,《大师和玛格丽特》便成为“被耽搁的文学”的典型代表。尽管布尔加科夫成就卓著,但我国文学界对布尔加科夫及其作品的真正研究则是从80年代才开始的。《大师和玛格丽特》通过对魔王沃兰德访问莫斯科和历史中彼拉多审问耶稣事件的穿插描写,探讨了一系列道德问题,并启迪人们牢牢把握自己内心的道德准绳,大胆追求真善美。可以说,《大师和玛格丽特》的艺术世界包含了许许多多的方面,本论文拟以“回归文学”之“被耽搁的文学”为切入点,主要探讨《大师和玛格丽特》中的人物形象分析及小说中独特的艺术表现手法。 1、回归文学与布尔加科夫布尔加科夫的小说是“回归文学”的主要代表作,“回归文学”又分为“被耽搁的文学”、“返回的文学”、“侨民文学”,而《大师和玛格丽特》又是“被耽搁文学”的代表作,本章着重介绍了回归文学这一概念及其分类,《大师和玛格丽特》的创作及出版的过程。 2、探讨小说中的主要人物形象小说塑造了形形色色的人物形象,他们各具特色,具有丰富的内涵,对于揭示小说主题起到了重要作用。本文主要探讨魔王沃兰德,优秀妇女形象玛格丽特,知识分子大师,古代历史人物彼拉多、小丑河马等主要人物形象,这些人物形象的成功塑造使小说具有了更加深刻的内涵。 3、探讨小说的主要艺术特色《大师和玛格丽特》是一部双重小说,“小说中的小说”,它独特的结构使这部小说具有奇特的“双面性”特点；讽刺性是布尔加科夫小说创作中最显著的特点之一,其小说中的讽刺不仅反映在人名上,更体现在小说潜在的游戏中,人物的语言中；同时,小说所蕴含的丰富的哲理内涵也是我们研究的内容之一。
[Abstract]:As a unique phenomenon of Soviet literature in 20th century, "return literature" has been a hot spot at home and abroad in recent years. After criticizing Stalin's personality cult in the middle of -50s. A large number of unjustly treated poets and writers have been rehabilitated or rehabilitated. Some of their unpublished works have returned to the hands of readers. Bulgakov is one of the classic writers in return Literature. Mi Bulgakov was a brilliant writer in the Soviet Union on 20th century. He was born in May 15th 1891 to a professor's family at the Kiev Seminary. From 1923 to 1925, Bulgakov published his novella "the Magic Barrier", "the Egg of the unknown" and "the Heart of the Dog". These novels are rich in content and profound in thought, in which the precise description of strange things and the portrayal of the psychological activities of the characters reveal his outstanding literary talent. It shows his style of sarcasm and grotesque. Master and Marguerite is Bulgakov's masterpiece and his pen, "12 years, eight times his manuscript," although the work was completed in early 1940. But the real meeting with the reader took place between 1966 and 1967. Thus, Master and Marguerite became a typical example of "delayed literature", despite Bulgakov's remarkable achievements. However, the real study of Bulgakov and his works in Chinese literary circles only began in 80s. Master and Margaret explore a series of moral issues through interspersed descriptions of Warland's visit to Moscow and Pilate's interrogation of Jesus in history. And enlighten people to firmly grasp their inner moral criteria, bold pursuit of truth, good and beauty. It can be said that the artistic world of Master and Marguerite contains many aspects, and this thesis intends to start with the "delayed literature" of "returning to literature". This paper mainly discusses the analysis of the characters in Master and Margaret and the unique artistic expression in the novel. 1. Return to Literature and Bulgakov Bulgakov's novels are the main masterpieces of "return literature", which is divided into "delayed literature", "return literature" and "diaspora literature". "Master and Margaret" is the masterpiece of "delayed Literature". This chapter mainly introduces the concept of "return to Literature" and its classification, and the process of creation and publication of "Master and Margaret". 2. Discuss the main characters in the novel The novel has created a variety of characters, they have their own characteristics, with rich connotations, has played an important role in revealing the theme of the novel. This article mainly discusses Warland, the outstanding image of women Margaret. Master intellectuals, ancient historical figures Pilate, clown hippopotamus and other main characters, the successful portrayal of these characters make the novel has a more profound connotation. 3. Discuss the main artistic characteristics of the novel "Master and Margaret" is a double novel, "novel in the novel", its unique structure makes this novel has the peculiar "double side" characteristic; Satire is one of the most prominent features in Bulgakov's novels. The satire in his novels is reflected not only in the names of the people, but also in the potential games of the novels and the language of the characters. At the same time, the rich philosophical connotation of the novel is also one of the contents of our research.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I512.074

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