《卢布林的魔术师》中亚夏人格的弗洛伊德式解读

发布时间：2018-03-02 17:08

本文选题：雅夏　切入点：佛洛伊德　出处：《河北师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：作为唯一的一名美国现代著名犹太意第绪语作家,艾萨克·巴什维斯·辛格(Isaac Bashevis Singer,1904-1991),由于“他充满激情的叙事艺术,这种艺术既扎根于波兰犹太人的文化传统,又反映了人类的普遍处境”,于1978年获诺贝尔文学奖。在创作上,他尊重传统,又吸收了意第绪文学中的营养,创造出了自己的独特风格。他的故事叙述生动,文笔轻松幽默,作品大都取材于波兰犹太人的生活和犹太民间传说,其中最著名的是西方评论家所公认的最佳长篇小说《卢布林的魔术师》本文主要探讨了辛格于一九六零年发表的小说《卢布林的魔术师》。该小说是部关于心灵探索的书籍,作者致力于描写小说主人公雅夏的徘徊于善与恶、理智与情欲、科学与宗教之间的内心反复剧烈的思想斗争。辛格的作品不同于任何一个十九世纪的艺术大师的作品,他的作品个个取材独特,普遍反映了纠缠在爱情和宗教信仰的漩涡中的犹太人在那个年代的命运。本文从弗洛伊德精神分析理论出发,运用人格结构理论解读这部小说,深入剖析了小说男主人公的人格结构,以及其认识自我,重建自我最终达到人格平衡的矛盾斗争过程,揭示了其在精神世界的自我迷失和探索自我的实质。本文由引言,正文和结论三部分构成。其主要内容如下：引言简要介绍了艾萨克·巴什维斯·辛格的生平,《卢布林的魔术师》的主要内容,评论界的相关评论,国内外的研究现状以及本论文运用的主要理论。第一章分析了雅夏·梅休尔的人格结构,特别是他的本我,自我和超我的内在矛盾斗争和外部环境对于他的人格结构发展的影响。它们对于雅夏人格结构的发展以及平衡都起着决定性的作用。第二章探讨了雅夏·梅休尔的焦虑。本章从雅夏的现实性焦虑、神经性焦虑以及道德性焦虑这三方面来进行分析。各种焦虑使得雅夏生活在极度的恐惧和焦虑之中,这也推动了他的人格的重新塑造。第三章通过对雅夏·梅休尔的自我防御机制的解读,着重分析了他的自我防御机制中的压抑和退行。这些分析可以使读者对雅夏这个人物的人格有更深层次的理解,也揭示了其最终回归家庭的可能性。通过运用佛洛依德的人格结构理论进行分析,我们可以看到作者没有把雅夏写成一个十恶不赦的恶棍,反而始终认为他是一个遭受种族歧视的、被七情六欲摆布的、不由自主地干了蠢事的可怜人,对他寄予同情。通过对雅夏的描写,辛格从各个方面刻画了雅夏的复杂的性格,展现了人性的复杂。这些是小说作者经过多年探索之后在自我价值实现和人格发展上进行的又一次思考,为现代人的自我认识,自我实现和人格平衡指明了方向,因此具有深远的社会价值和现实意义。
[Abstract]:As the only famous American modern Jewish Yiddish writer, Isaac Bashevis Singern Isaac Bashevis Singern 1904-1991, because of "his passionate narrative art, this art is rooted in the cultural tradition of Polish Jews." Reflecting the general situation of mankind, "he won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1978. In his works, he respected tradition, absorbed the nutrition of Yiddish literature, and created his own unique style." his narrative was vivid, and his writing was light and humorous. Most of the works are based on the life of Polish Jews and Jewish folklore, the most famous of which is the best novel, "the magician of Lublin," recognized by western critics. This paper mainly discusses Singh's novel "the magician of Lublin" published in 1960. The novel is a book on the exploration of the mind. The author is devoted to describing the protagonist Yasha's wandering between good and evil, reason and lust. The inner struggle between science and religion has been intense. Singer's works are different from those of any art master in 19th century. It generally reflects the fate of Jews in that era, entangled in the whirlpool of love and religious beliefs. Based on Freud's psychoanalysis theory, this paper interprets the novel by using the theory of personality structure, and deeply analyzes the personality structure of the protagonist in the novel, as well as the contradictory struggle process in which the protagonist understands himself and rebuilds himself to achieve the balance of personality. It reveals its self-loss in the spiritual world and the essence of exploring self. This paper consists of three parts: introduction, text and conclusion. The main contents are as follows:. The introduction briefly introduces the life of Isaac Bashvis Singh, the main contents of the Magic of Lublin, the critical comments, the current research situation at home and abroad, and the main theories used in this paper. In the first chapter, we analyze the personality structure of Yaasha Mayheuer, especially his ego. The inner conflict between ego and superego and the influence of external environment on the development of his personality structure play a decisive role in the development and balance of Yaxia's personality structure. The second chapter explores the anxiety of Yasha Meshur. This chapter analyzes Yasha's realistic anxiety, neurotic anxiety, and moral anxiety, which make Yaxia live in extreme fear and anxiety. It also helped to reshape his personality. In the third chapter, by reading the self-defense mechanism of Yaasha Mayheuer, we focus on the repression and retreat of his self-defense mechanism, which can make readers have a deeper understanding of the personality of Yaxia as a character. It also reveals the possibility of their eventual return to the family. Through the analysis of Freud's theory of personality structure, we can see that the author does not write Yasha as a villain, but always thinks that he is a racist, manipulated by seven feelings and six desires. Pity for the poor man, who could not help but do something stupid. Through his description of Yasha, Singh portrays Yaxia's complex character in every way. This is another reflection on the realization of self-worth and the development of personality after many years of exploration by the author of the novel, which points out the direction for the self-recognition, self-realization and personality balance of modern people. Therefore, it has profound social value and practical significance.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I712.074

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