从阐释学角度比较《了不起的盖茨比》的两个中译本

发布时间：2018-03-24 08:17

本文选题：哲学阐释学　切入点：文学翻译　出处：《华中师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：翻译是一项很复杂的活动,作为人类生活的一部分,是不同文化之间传递信息的桥梁。翻译涉及很多因素,影响翻译过程及结果的最关键因素是译者、源语文本、语言文化及目标语读者。中西翻译理论多是围绕着这几个因素讨论的。阐释学是一门探索意义的理解与解释的理论。它于20世纪60年代后流行于西方。阐释学的发展经历了从传统阐释学到伽达默尔现代阐释学的漫长过程。阐释学与文学翻译研究之间有着本质联系。伽达默尔的哲学阐释学认为文学翻译即阐释,阐释体现在翻译的整个过程。文学作品的作者和译者有着各自的视域,不同时期的译者带着自己的视域理解和翻译文学作品,实现了阐释的多样化。本文旨在从阐释学的角度对20世纪美国作家菲茨杰拉德所著《了不起的盖茨比》的两个中译本进行比较研究。本文选取1982年上海译文出版社的巫宁坤译本和2004年人民文学出版社的姚乃强的译本,因为在The Great Gatsby的中译本中,这两个译作是影响最大的；另外,这两部译作在不同的历史时期出现,可以看到不同时代对译本的影响；再就是两个译者采取的翻译策略有比较大的差异。本文运用伽达默尔哲学阐释学的三个主要原则——理解的历史性、视域融合和效果历史对两个译本进行对比研究,挖掘两个译本的差异,分析引起差异的原因。通过分析,得出如下结论： (1)巫译本和姚译本的时间间隔为二十二年,在此期间,由于改革开放政策的实施,中国的政治、经济、文化发生了巨大变化。理解的历史性必然导致阐释的主体和客体都都置身于历史之中,都有其不可磨灭的历史局限性和特殊性,因此两译本有相当大的差异。姚译在词汇的选择上比巫译更具有现代性。 (2)因为时间和环境的差距,原作者和阐释者必然有不同的视域,这是无法消除的。两位译者个人经历、教育背景不同,视域必然不同,这导致他们采取不同的翻译策略。巫宁坤曾在美国生活学习多年,熟悉西方文化,思维方式也深受美国文化环境的影响,他倾向于使用异化的翻译策略,较多的保留英语原文的表达方式,这使他的译文具有浓厚的异国情调。而姚乃强没有海外生活经历,他主要采用归化翻译策略,更多的考虑汉语规范和汉语读者阅读习惯,他的译文更流畅自然。 (3)由于理解的历史性,理解本质上是一种效果历史关系。两译本以不同的方式较好地传达了原文的风格。巫译用词简洁凝练、朴实自然,体现了原文清新优美的风格。由于尽力贴近原作,巫译有浓厚的翻译腔。姚译讲究修饰,富有风采,语言自然地道,体现了原文流畅通达的风格。
[Abstract]:Translation is a very complex activity. As a part of human life, it is a bridge between different cultures. Translation involves many factors, and the most important factor affecting the process and outcome of translation is the translator, the source text. Language culture and target language readers. Chinese and Western translation theories are mostly discussed around these factors. Hermeneutics is a theory of understanding and interpretation of exploring meaning. It became popular in the West after the 1960s. The development of hermeneutics has experienced a long process from traditional hermeneutics to modern hermeneutics of Gadamer. There is an essential link between literary translation and literary translation. Gadamer's philosophical hermeneutics holds that literary translation is interpretation. Interpretation is embodied in the whole process of translation. The writers and translators of literary works have their own horizons, and the translators of different periods take their own perspective to understand and translate literary works, thus realizing the diversification of interpretation. This paper aims to make a comparative study of the two Chinese versions of the Great Gatsby by Fitzgerald, an American writer in the 20th century, from the perspective of hermeneutics. Translation of Yao Naiqiang, people's Literature Publishing House, In the Chinese translation of The Great Gatsby, these two translations are the most influential, in addition, the two translations appear in different historical periods, and the influence of different times on the translation can be seen. Moreover, the translation strategies adopted by the two translators are quite different. This paper uses the three main principles of Gadamer's philosophical hermeneutics, namely, the history of understanding, the fusion of vision and the history of effect, to make a contrastive study of the two versions, to excavate the differences between the two versions and to analyze the causes of the differences. The following conclusions are drawn:. The interval between the Wu version and Yao version is 22 years. During this period, due to the implementation of the policy of reform and opening up, China's politics and economy, Great changes have taken place in culture. The historical nature of understanding inevitably leads to both the subject and object of interpretation being placed in history, with their indelible historical limitations and particularities. Therefore, there is considerable difference between the two versions. Yao's translation is more modern in terms of lexical choice than witch translation. 2) because of the difference between time and environment, the original author and interpreter must have different horizons, which cannot be eliminated. The two translators have different personal experiences, different educational backgrounds, and different horizons. This led them to adopt different translation strategies. Wu Ningkun had lived and studied in the United States for many years, was familiar with Western culture, and his mode of thinking was greatly influenced by the American cultural environment. More ways of expressing the English original text have been retained, which makes his translation more exotic. Yao Naiqiang has no overseas life experience. He mainly adopts the domestication translation strategy, and takes more account of Chinese norms and Chinese readers' reading habits. His translation is more fluid and natural. Due to the historical nature of understanding, understanding is essentially a kind of historical relationship of effect. The two versions better convey the style of the original text in different ways. It reflects the fresh and graceful style of the original text. Because it tries to be close to the original work, the witch translation has a strong translation cavity. Yao's translation is elegant, elegant and natural, and embodies the style of fluency and comprehensiveness of the original text.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H315.9;I712.074

【引证文献】