D.H.劳伦斯诗歌中的生态审美之维

发布时间：2018-03-28 17:28

本文选题：D.H.劳伦斯　切入点：诗歌　出处：《三峡大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：生态批评旨在用生态学的观点来解读文学作品中人类与周围非人类环境的关系。经过三十多年的发展，其处理人与非人环境之间关系的理论范畴已经模糊，且迅速向纵深发展。二十一世纪的生态批评研究不仅仅涉及人与自然关系问题，其研究范围已延伸至社会和精神等领域。英国作家大卫·赫伯特·劳伦斯的作品一度由于其大胆的身体书写而广受争议，但如今劳伦斯已经是世所共知的天才作家。较之于小说家劳伦斯所受到的关注和认可，诗人劳伦斯却未得到评论界应予的关注。生活在工业化高速发展的年代，劳伦斯游走于繁华的都市和寂静的荒野之间。现代化发展给人们的生活带来了前所未有的变化，同时也将欧洲传统田园牧歌式的诗意生活驱逐得越来越远。作为洞察力敏锐且“不带面具”的诗人，劳伦斯密切地关注着社会各个层面的变化并将其详细地记录在其诗歌之中。在诗歌创作中，劳伦斯穷其一生忠实地记录了工业化进程中自然、社会和精神等三个领域的状态，展示了丰富的生态思想。本文旨在以劳伦斯的诗歌为蓝本分析其诗歌中的生态审美意识及其生态思想。全文共由七个部分构成。第一章首先从“自由诗人”、“当前的诗”以及“不带面具的诗人”三个方面对劳伦斯及其诗作进行了评论性综述回顾，指出其诗歌在创作理念、主题、形式以及语言上都彰显出其丰富的生态意识；接着对国内外劳伦斯研究现状进行梳理；然后，论文进一步介绍了生态批评的相关理论概念并对其进行了拓展性研究。经过对生态学、深层生态学、生态主义以及生态批评的定义及其各自的核心理念进行系统分析后，论文指出“生态批评是一种关于‘关系’的研究”。通过对“关系”及“和谐”等抽象概念进行界定性分析，文章提出和谐关系需要进行“度”的考量，并对“和谐度”、“相对和谐”以及“绝对和谐”等概念展开了深入讨论。最后阐释论文的研究意义. 第二章从自然美景、自然与人的和谐关系以及人与自然关系的决裂等三个层次深入探寻劳伦斯诗歌中的自然生态审美。劳伦斯歌颂自然荒野中的野性之美、肯定自然与人的和谐关系均是从正面挖掘自然生机的魅力来唤醒人类的自然本性和生态保护意识。揭露和批判人与自然的对立关系是从反面揭示生态危机的根源，，是以迂回方式矫正人们的生态观，从而达到生态保护的目的。第三章探讨劳伦斯的社会生态审美。现代工业改变了社会的原有格局，生产力大发展极大地丰富了人类的物质生活，但过度的物质发展却严重地影响着人们的正常生活和社会的正常发展。等级制度、金钱主义、机械化、城市化进程等扭曲着人与人之间的关系。本章主要围绕人与物质的关系、人与人的关系进行探讨。第四章挖掘劳伦斯的精神生态审美。环境危机的形成、等级制度和金钱主义的存在、机械化的大肆发展都与社会人的价值观有着必然的联系。社会负面因素的存在不仅异化着人与人之间的关系，还极大地异化了人类的精神状态。生命了无生机，精神濒临死亡。虚伪的道德从意识形态领域对人类自身进行“性阉割”，让人类失去自然天性和生命的原动力。物质主义扭曲着人类的情感，人们变得虚伪、冷漠、疯狂、麻木、了无生趣，精神已然死亡。第五章引入了劳伦斯生的死亡主题详细阐释劳伦斯独特的生态思想。生态系统中的相互掠杀、花叶凋零、老病离世都是生命存在的消逝，但于劳伦斯而言，死亡却是生命下一个轮回的开始。劳伦斯诠释着生命的流动特征、用“以死写生”的笔触注视着生命物质的循环往复和生态系统的平衡法则。在死亡背后升起另一种生命，折射出劳伦斯对生命、社会以及精神重生的渴望。第六章结合劳伦斯的生活时代以及其人生经历对劳伦斯批判工业化和追寻诗意的栖居的现实愿望进行深入挖掘。劳伦斯颂扬荒野魅力，批判现代进程破坏自然的原始之魅、打破社会和人类自身内环境的和谐，其终极目标是追寻其自身以及全人类的诗意栖居。在此基础上，文章结合当前生态灾难进一步阐明对劳伦斯诗歌中生态意识的挖掘对当前社会日益严峻的生态问题有着重大的启示作用。最后一部分总结全文，并最终得出劳伦斯是名生态先锋诗人。
[Abstract]:Ecocriticism aims to use the ecology viewpoint to interpret human relations and human environment surrounding non literary works. After thirty years of development, the relationship between human and non-human environment theory have been blurred, and the rapid development in twenty-first Century. Ecological criticism research not only relates to the relationship between man and nature, the scope of the study has been extended to the social and spiritual fields.
British writer David Herbert Lawrence was due to its bold body writing and controversial, but now Laurence is already well known writer of genius. Compared with novelist Laurence received attention and recognition, the poet Laurence did not get attention. Critics should be living in the rapid development of industrialization era, Laurence walk in downtown the city and the silence of the wilderness. Modernization brings hitherto unknown changes to people's life, but also the poetic life of the traditional European pastoral expelled farther. As a perceptive and poet "without a mask", Laurence closely followed the changes in all aspects of the society and the detail recorded in his poetry. In his poems, Laurence spent his whole life faithfully records the natural process of industrialization, social and spiritual The state of the three fields shows a rich ecological idea.
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the ecological aesthetic consciousness and ecological thought in his poems based on Laurence's poetry. The full text is composed of seven parts.
The first chapter from the "free poet", "the poem" and "poet without a mask" three aspects: a critical review of Laurence and his poems, the poems in the creation idea, theme, form and language shows its rich ecological consciousness; then the research status of domestic Laurence carried out; then, the paper further introduces the related theoretical concepts of ecological criticism and has carried on the further research. Based on ecology, deep ecology, ecology and system analysis and definition of ecological criticism and core theory respectively, the paper points out that "ecological criticism is a kind of" guanxi "research" through the "relationship" and "harmony" and other abstract concepts circles for qualitative analysis, the harmonious relationship between the need for "degree" and "consideration, harmonious degree"," The concepts of "relative harmony" and "absolute harmony" are discussed in depth. Finally, the significance of the paper is explained.
The second chapter from the natural beauty and the harmony between nature and human relations and the relationship between man and nature from three levels to explore in depth the natural ecological aesthetics in Laurence's poetry. Laurence praises natural wild wild beauty, harmonious relationship between man and nature are certainly digging natural vitality from the positive charm to awaken humanity the consciousness of nature and ecological protection. To expose and criticize the relation between man and nature is the root of ecological crisis is revealed from the opposite side, is a circuitous way to rectify people's ecological view, so as to achieve the purpose of ecosystem protection.
The third chapter discusses the social ecological aesthetics. Laurence changed the original pattern of modern industrial society, the development of productive forces has greatly enriched the material life of human beings, but excessive material development has seriously affected the normal development of the normal life of people and social hierarchy. Money, doctrine, mechanization, city process distortion the relationship between people. This chapter mainly focuses on the relationship between man and material, to explore the relationship between people and people.
The fourth chapter mining spirit ecological aesthetic Laurence. The formation of the environmental crisis, the caste system and the money exists, the mechanization of big development and social person values are intrinsically linked. The negative social factors are not only the alienation of the relationship between people, but also greatly changed the state of the human spirit the spirit of life. No life, on the verge of death. The moral hypocrisy "castration" of human beings from the realm of ideology, the original motivation for the loss of human nature and life. Materialism destroys people's emotion, people become hypocrisy, indifference, madness, numbness and apathy, the spirit is already dead.
The fifth chapter introduces the theme of death by Laurence explains Laurence's unique ecological thoughts. Grazing ecosystem in killing each other, flowers and leaves are withered, old death being gone, but for Laurence, death is life a new start. Laurence interpretation of the flow characteristics of life, with the the death of painting "brush strokes watching the balance principle of living matter cycle and ecological system. Rises another life in death behind the refraction of Laurence life, desire for social and spiritual rebirth.
The sixth chapter combines the era of Laurence's life and his life experiences deeply on Laurence s criticism of industrialization and poetic pursue the reality of desire. Laurence praised wild charm, criticizing the modern destruction process of the original natural charm, break the society and people's inner harmony of the environment, its ultimate goal is to pursue its own and all people's poetry dwelling. On this basis, combined with the current ecological disaster to further clarify the mining on the ecological consciousness in Laurence's poetry is of great enlightenment for the increasingly severe ecological problems in society.
The last part summarizes the full text, and finally draws the conclusion that Laurence is an ecological pioneer poet.

【学位授予单位】：三峡大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I561.072

【引证文献】