《上海孤儿》中的记忆与自我同一性构建

发布时间：2018-05-02 05:32

本文选题：《上海孤儿》 + 集体记忆　；参考：《四川外语学院》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：“记忆”在《上海孤儿》中一个重要的主题。英籍日裔作家石黑一雄用他独特的生活经历和精致的叙述方式在小说中构筑了一个回忆的大厦。论文的理论基础是法国社会学家莫里斯·哈布瓦赫提出的“集体记忆”理论与美国心理学家埃里克森心理社会发展理论中最具特色的自我同一性概念。集体记忆是一个社会建构的概念，它是人们根据当下对集体的过去进行的理解与建构、回忆与再现。自我同一性概念是一种重要的心理社会现象，是指个体在发展过程中逐渐了解自己，逐渐成熟，最终获得一个积极的、完整的、统一的自我概念。在埃里克森的同一性理论系统中，自我同一性的形成过程不仅是一个心理过程，更是一个社会化过程。两种理论之间存在密切的社会关联，为我们进一步了解和研究当代文学提供了新的视角。论文首先在第一章理论部分梳理自我同一性、集体记忆、自传记忆这几个重要的概念，并在最后一节阐释记忆与自我同一性之间的关系。然后在分别在第二章和第三章从记忆层面对两方层面上的自我同一性建构对文本本身进行分析和阐释。在第二章个体自我同一性的建构中，，主要以集体记忆中的家庭记忆为基础聚焦主人公班克斯个体自我同一性进行建构，班克斯在其父母失踪后就对自我身份产生了困惑和混乱，并延缓了个体自我同一性的建构。在重归上海后，由于小时候被父母误导和成年后对过去记忆选择性所造成的误读，导致寻找父母失败，延缓的自我同一性破灭。不过在探索中最终通过修正对记忆的错误的阐释，对未来自我的发展做出了积极的思考，从而获得了积极的个体自我同一性。而在随后一章的文化自我同一性归属层面上，主人公在对在上海租界和随后英国学校时代历时的记忆中，亦历经同一性困惑、延缓和确立的过程，最终完成了他杂糅的、属于“第三空间”的自我同一性的文化归属建构。通过构建记忆，个体对自我进行反思，在成长过程中逐渐了解自己，逐渐成熟，最终获得一个积极的、完整的、统一的自我同一性。
[Abstract]:Memory is an important theme in Shanghai Orphan. With his unique life experience and exquisite narrative style, British Japanese writer Ishihiro Ishio has built a edifice of memory in his novels. The theoretical basis of this paper is the concept of "collective memory" put forward by French sociologist Maurice Habouvich and the most distinctive concept of self-identity in the psycho-social development theory of American psychologist Eriksson. Collective memory is a concept of social construction, it is based on the current understanding and construction of the collective past, recall and reproduction. The concept of self-identity is an important psycho-social phenomenon, which means that individuals gradually understand themselves, mature gradually, and finally obtain a positive, complete and unified self-concept. In Eriksson's identity theory, the formation of self identity is not only a psychological process, but also a social process. There is a close social relationship between the two theories, which provides a new perspective for us to further understand and study contemporary literature. In the first chapter of the thesis, the author combs the important concepts of self-identity, collective memory and autobiographical memory, and explains the relationship between memory and self-identity in the last section. Then in the second chapter and the third chapter, we analyze and explain the text itself from the memory level. In the second chapter, the author focuses on the construction of the individual identity of the protagonist Banks on the basis of the family memory in collective memory. After the disappearance of his parents, Banks becomes confused and confused about his own identity. And delayed the construction of individual self-identity. After returning to Shanghai, the misreading caused by parents' misguided as a child and the selectivity of past memory in adulthood resulted in the failure of finding parents and the breakdown of delayed self-identity. However, in the course of exploration, the correct interpretation of the memory error finally makes a positive reflection on the development of the future self, and thus obtains the positive identity of the individual self. At the level of cultural self-identity in the following chapter, the protagonist, in his memory of the diachronic period in Shanghai concession and the subsequent British school era, also experienced the confusion of identity, delayed and established the process, and finally completed his hybridity. The cultural ownership of self-identity belongs to the third space. Through the construction of memory, individuals reflect on themselves, gradually understand themselves in the process of growing up, gradually mature, and finally obtain a positive, complete, unified identity.
【学位授予单位】：四川外语学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I561.074

【引证文献】