《野性的呼唤》中的边疆精神

发布时间：2018-05-09 14:32

本文选题：杰克·伦敦 + 《野性的呼唤》　；参考：《中南大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：美国著名作家杰克·伦敦(1876—1916)是一位伟大的文学大师。他给世人留下了大量的作品,其中,《野性的呼唤》尤为著名。该作品典型地展现了美国边疆精神。边疆精神孕于美国辽阔的边疆,成为美国民族精神的重要部分。本论文从冒险精神,实用主义和个人主义为切入点,来系统研究它们在《野性的呼唤》中的集中体现。除绪论和结论之外,本论文主要由以下三章组成。第一章探讨冒险精神在查尔斯一家和约翰·桑顿这些人物身上的体现。冒险精神指的是边疆开拓者在未知领域进行探索、开拓、征服的勇气和大无畏精神,这种精神在查尔斯一家和约翰·桑顿人物形象上得到了艺术体现。他们都是闯入阿拉斯加边疆的淘金者,前者盲目无知,后者则经验丰富,但结果都为自己的冒险行为付出了生命的代价。第二章分析实用主义在布克身上的体现。实用主义是开拓者在新的环境中灵活应变以求生存和发展的哲学观念,这种观念在布克身上表现得十分生动。作为这种哲学观念的一种化身,布克在城市化的加利福利亚通过自己的奋斗成为一只高度文明的犬王。另外,他又在野蛮的阿拉斯加边疆迅速调整,适应恶劣的环境并成功地成为一位雪橇狗首领。第三章讨论个人主义在布克四任主人公和斯皮茨身上的体现。个人主义具有丰富的内涵,然而伦敦在小说中更多地展现了个人主义不合理的一面——自我主义。布克的四任主人公都以自我为中心,残忍地对待雪橇狗和他人；斯皮茨原本是雪橇狗队伍中的首领,但因其极端的自我主义最后陷入孤立无援的境地而丢掉了性命。通过对《野性的呼唤》中美国边疆精神的系统研究,本论文得出如下结论：在美国的转折期,伦敦把美国边疆精神融入该小说,不仅使整个民族重温了边疆精神,同时也思考了工业社会与边疆精神相悖的相关问题。这部小说超越了简单的动物故事而具有了文学的严肃性,其思想之深刻使之成为了现代美国文学的经典。
[Abstract]:Jack London, a famous American writer, was a great literary master in 1876-1916. He left a large number of works to the world, among them, the call of the Wild is particularly famous. This work is typical of the American frontier spirit. Frontier spirit born in the vast frontier of the United States, become an important part of the national spirit of the United States. In this paper, we systematically study their concentration in call of Wild from the perspective of adventurism, pragmatism and individualism. In addition to the introduction and conclusions, this paper mainly consists of the following three chapters. The first chapter discusses the spirit of adventure in the Charles family and John Thornton these figures. The spirit of adventure refers to the courage and fearlessness of frontier pioneers to explore, exploit, and conquer in the unknown. This spirit is embodied in the characters of the Charles family and John Thornton. They were gold miners who broke into the Alaska frontier, the former blind and the latter experienced, but ended up paying the price of their lives for their adventures. Chapter two analyzes the embodiment of pragmatism in Booker. Pragmatism is a philosophy that pioneers adapted flexibly to survive and develop in the new environment, which is very vivid in Booker. As an embodiment of this philosophy, Booker became a highly civilized canine king through his struggle in urbanized California. In addition, he quickly adjusted to the harsh environment on the savage Alaska border and succeeded in becoming a sled dog leader. Chapter three discusses the embodiment of individualism in Booker's four heroes and Spitz. Individualism has rich connotations, however, London presents an unreasonable aspect of individualism in its novels-egoism. Booker's four protagonists are egocentric and cruel to sled dogs and others; Spitz, who was the leader of the sleigh dog team, lost his life because of his extreme egoism. Through a systematic study of the American frontier spirit in the call of Wild, this paper draws the following conclusions: in the turning point of the United States, London incorporated the American frontier spirit into the novel, which not only made the whole nation relive the frontier spirit. At the same time, the industrial society and the spirit of the frontier related issues. This novel transcends the simple animal story and has the seriousness of literature, and its profound thought makes it a classic of modern American literature.
【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I712.074

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