冲突、颠覆与重构：《法国中尉的女人》的新历史主义解读

发布时间：2018-05-15 21:33

本文选题：约翰·福尔斯 + 《法国中尉的女人》　；参考：《湖南师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：约翰·福尔斯(1926-2005)是在世界文坛上享有盛名的20世纪英国小说家。他的代表作品《法国中尉的女人》(1969)自出版以来获得了批评界和学术界的普遍赞誉。论文从新历史主义理论视角,运用福柯的权利观、怀特的元史学理论分析研究《法国中尉的女人》,旨在揭露在维多利亚时期被边缘化的社会历史事实——如达尔文“进化论”的提出、新兴资产阶级社会地位的变化、劳工阶级的不利地位、自由主义的觉醒以及女性主义的发展,探讨权力关系在作品中的运转,分析小说人物查尔斯、萨拉分别对维多利亚时期社会传统的颠覆和对男权社会的颠覆,以及叙述者对传统叙事形式的颠覆。文章认为,福尔斯在作品中通过对社会历史冲突的揭露以及对历史的颠覆强调了历史的“虚构性”,同时重构了一个不同版本的维多利亚史(且其与正史同样意义非凡),虽然他又指出自己版本的维多利亚史也是“不真实的”。论文运用怀特的元史学理论分析了文本的“虚构性”,指出任何历史文本都是社会历史话语与意识形态的产物,进而探讨了作品的话语结构以及作者的意识形态。论文共分为三个部分：引言、正文、结语。正文部分分为三章。第一章主要分析作品中涉及到的维多利亚时期存在的社会历史冲突。第二章运用新历史主义理论中从福柯理论发展而来的“权利概念”分析作品中权力关系的变化,从三个方面揭露文本对历史的“颠覆”。第三章运用怀特的元史学理论分析文本的“虚构性”,指出作者重构的历史是社会历史话语与意识形态的产物,然后探讨了作品的话语结构以及作者的意识形态。结语部分总结全文的主要观点,指出任何历史都是“虚构”的,文学作品通过对主导意识形态的颠覆构建自己版本的历史,虽然这种重构同时又受到作者意识形态的影响,依旧是“不真实的”。从新历史主义的角度对文学作品进行研究,有利于认识作品中的社会历史话语和意识形态的本质,从一个重要的维度加深对作品的理解。
[Abstract]:John Fowling (1926-2005) is a famous English novelist in the world. His representative work, the French Lieutenant's woman, has been widely acclaimed by critics and academics since its publication. From the perspective of New historicism, the thesis applies Foucault's view of right. White's theoretical analysis of meta-historiography "the woman of the French Lieutenant" aims to expose the social and historical facts that were marginalized in the Victorian period-such as Darwin's "Evolutionism", and the changes in the social status of the emerging bourgeoisie. The unfavorable position of the working class, the awakening of liberalism and the development of feminism, discuss the function of power relation in the works, and analyze the novel character Charles. Sarah subverts the Victorian tradition and patriarchal society, and the narrator subverts the traditional narrative form. The article holds that Fowles emphasizes the "fictitious nature" of history in his works by exposing social and historical conflicts and subverting history. At the same time, he reconstructs a different version of Victorian history (and it is as significant as official history), although he points out that his version of Victorian History is also "untrue". Based on White's theory of meta-historiography, this paper analyzes the "fictitious nature" of the text, points out that any historical text is the product of social and historical discourse and ideology, and then probes into the discourse structure of the work and the author's ideology. The thesis is divided into three parts: introduction, text and conclusion. The text is divided into three chapters. The first chapter mainly analyzes the Victorian period of social and historical conflicts involved in the works. The second chapter analyzes the changes of power relations in the works by using the concept of right developed from Foucault's theory in the new historicism theory, and exposes the "subversion" of history in the text from three aspects. The third chapter analyzes the fictitious nature of the text by using White's theory of meta-historiography, and points out that the author's reconstructed history is the product of social and historical discourse and ideology, and then discusses the discourse structure of the work and the author's ideology. The conclusion part summarizes the main points of the full text, and points out that any history is "fictional". Literary works construct their own version of history through subversion of dominant ideology, although this reconstruction is also influenced by the author's ideology at the same time. Still unreal. The study of literary works from the perspective of new historicism is conducive to understanding the essence of social and historical discourse and ideology in the works and deepening the understanding of the works from an important dimension.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：I561.074

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