用合作原则和礼貌原则分析《曼斯菲尔德庄园》中的会话含义

发布时间：2018-05-16 01:25

本文选题：会话含义 + 《曼斯菲尔德庄园》　；参考：《内蒙古大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：一部文学作品之所以历久弥新成为经典,是因为作品中人物生动的言语行为及鲜活的性格特点能够打动一代又一代的读者。英国女作家简·奥斯丁的小说《曼斯菲尔德庄园》便是这样的作品。在这部小说中,人物的日常交际主要是通过对话实现的,因此研究这部作品中的人物对话十分必要。本文回顾了19世纪和现当代关于简·奥斯丁和《曼斯菲尔德庄园》的文学研究和批评,发掘出运用语用学理论分析《曼斯菲尔德庄园》里的会话含义的可行性和必要性。本文使用的语用理论是格瑞斯的合作原则和会话准则,里奇的礼貌原则和准则,以及布朗和莱文森的间接礼貌策略。本文对这三个理论进行了阐述,并解释了它们之间的关系,为分析会话含义和间接表达提供了清晰的理论框架和研究工具。本文通过运用定量和定性研究相结合的方法,对从《曼斯菲尔德庄园》里精选的33个典型的使用间接表达的对话进行详细剖析。根据间接礼貌策略在语言形式上的实现方式,对这些对话明确归类并进行比较分析。定量研究是为了弄清在该部作品的语言中,违反合作原则及准则的情况及所占的比例,进而总结出小说中各个人物的语言及性格特点。定性研究是为了分析小说人物违背合作原则和会话准则,采用间接表达方式,制造会话含义的原因。这主要是由于他们顾及到交谈者的面子问题以及言语交际中的礼貌原则。为了减少对交谈者的面子威胁,说话者往往使用看似礼貌的言语方式,隐讳的表达自己的真实想法和情感。这样做可以避免直接冲突,尴尬或种种不良后果。说话者的会话含义在特定场合和情况下是确定的,并且他们希望交谈者能够领会这种字面以外的含义。但是因为语境,交谈双方的理念,背景知识等因素,会话含义不一定能够被理解。本文运用上述语用学理论对具体例子的会话含义的产生,诠释和理解都做了详尽分析。综上所述,本研究通过运用合作原则和礼貌原则为理论对《曼斯菲尔德庄园》的会话含义进行了剖析,一方面更深层地揭示了小说人物性格,从而有助于读者更好地理解和欣赏小说。另一方而丰富了传统的对简·奥斯丁的研究,并拓宽了语用学在文学领域的应用。
[Abstract]:The reason why a literary work has become a classic is that the vivid speech act and vivid character of the characters in the works can impress the readers from generation to generation. British woman writer Jane Austen's novel Mansfield Abbey is such a work. In this novel, the daily communication of characters is mainly realized through dialogue, so it is necessary to study the dialogue of characters in this novel. This paper reviews the literary research and criticism of Jane Austen and Mansfield Manor in the 19th century and present time, and explores the feasibility and necessity of using pragmatic theory to analyze the conversational implicature in Mansfield Manor. The pragmatic theories used in this paper are Grace's Cooperative principle and conversational principle, Richie's Politeness principle and principle, and Brown and Levinson's indirect Politeness Strategies. This paper expounds the three theories and explains the relationship between them, which provides a clear theoretical framework and research tool for the analysis of conversational implicature and indirect expression. By combining quantitative and qualitative studies, this paper makes a detailed analysis of 33 typical dialogues with indirect expressions selected from Mansfield Manor. According to the realization of indirect politeness strategy in language form, this paper categorizes these dialogues and makes a comparative analysis. The purpose of the quantitative study is to find out the violation of the principles and norms of cooperation in the language of the novel and its proportion, and to sum up the language and character characteristics of the characters in the novel. The qualitative study is to analyze the reasons why the characters violate the cooperative principle and conversational principle and use indirect expressions to create conversational implicature. This is mainly because they take into account the face of the communicator and the principle of politeness in verbal communication. In order to reduce the face threat to the talker, the speaker often uses the seemingly polite way to express his true thoughts and feelings. Doing so avoids direct conflict, embarrassment, or adverse consequences. The conversational implicature of the speaker is certain in a given situation and circumstances, and they want the speaker to understand the literal meaning. However, the implicature may not be understood because of the context, the ideas of the two parties and the background knowledge. This paper makes a detailed analysis of the generation, interpretation and understanding of the conversational implicature of concrete examples by using the above pragmatic theories. To sum up, this study analyzes the conversational implicature of Mansfield Manor by applying the principles of cooperation and politeness, on the one hand, it reveals the character of the characters in the novel. This will help readers to better understand and appreciate the novel. On the other hand, it enriches the traditional study of Jane Austen and widens the application of pragmatics in literature.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I561.074;H313

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