从创伤理论角度解析小说《追风筝的人》

发布时间：2018-06-18 15:23

本文选题：《追风筝的人》 + 阿富汗　；参考：《苏州大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：阿富汗裔美籍作家卡勒德胡赛尼的小说《追风筝的人》描绘了一个拥有璀璨历史文化传统却又饱受战争和政治冲突摧残的阿富汗。在这个大的背景下，由于个人、社会和文化等原因，小说中几乎所有主要角色都在一定程度上遭受心理创伤。小说在揭示主人公内心创伤的同时也描绘了他们各自的救赎之旅。《追风筝的人》中的故事背景首先在阿富汗，然后转移到了美国。故事延续了约30年，从阿富汗君主制的结束直至塔利班政权的瓦解。小说以叙事者兼主人公阿米尔勇敢面对并补救童年过失的成长历程为主线，同时细腻地描绘了阿富汗过去和现在的强烈反差、阿富汗两大种族普什图族和哈扎拉族的种族不公、以及蔓延整个阿富汗社会的性别歧视。本文试运用创伤理论探索小说中被压抑到潜意识甚至无意识中的个人及集体创伤。文章第一章介绍了关于小说《追风筝的人》及其作者、作者作品的国内外研究现状和创伤及创伤理论的一些背景知识。第二章通过分析小说中主要角色心理创伤产生的原因以及对他们的影响，，旨在提醒人们关注日常生活中随时可能发生的、潜在的创伤，并告诫人们有意识地避免施加或被施与创伤。第三章阐述了小说中人物面对心理创伤展开的自我疏导。通过对他们自我疏导的成功与失败的剥析，希望对现实生活中人们创伤的疏导提供一定的启发和借鉴。虽然心理创伤的消极影响是毋庸置疑的，然而在治疗心理创伤的自我救赎过程中，一些发人深省、自我提升的力量也会产生，从而让受创伤者形成对于自己、他人和整个生命的全新认识。第四章从个人、他人以及整个生命三个角度总结了创伤过后可能产生的心理提升。心理创伤也许无法被完全治愈，但是可以通过努力慢慢疏导消除。随着心理创伤的疏导与消除，受创伤者会克服对过去阴影的恐惧从而把过去与现在融合起来，开始人生新的篇章。而他们此后的人生目标或许变得更加崇高，因为创伤赋予了他们常人所无法企及的智慧。那是他们付出巨大代价的所得，因而也愈发珍贵。
[Abstract]:Afghan American writer Khaled Hussaini's novel Kite Runner depicts an Afghanistan that has a glorious historical and cultural tradition but is ravaged by war and political conflict. Against this background, almost all the main characters in the novel suffer psychological trauma to some extent due to personal, social and cultural reasons. The novel not only reveals the inner trauma of the protagonists, but also depicts their respective redemption journeys. The story of Kite pursuers first takes place in Afghanistan and then moves to the United States. The story lasted about 30 years, from the end of the Afghan monarchy to the collapse of the Taliban regime. The novel takes Amir, the narrator and protagonist, as the main line to face up to and remedy the mistakes of childhood. At the same time, it depicts the sharp contrast between the past and the present in Afghanistan, the racial injustice of the Pashtun and Hazara ethnic groups, the two major ethnic groups in Afghanistan. And gender discrimination that spreads throughout Afghan society. This paper tries to explore the individual and collective trauma in the novel which is suppressed into subconscious and even unconscious by using trauma theory. In the first chapter, the author of the novel Kite Catcher and its author, the present situation of domestic and international research and some background knowledge of trauma and trauma theory are introduced. The second chapter aims to remind people of the potential trauma that may occur at any time in daily life by analyzing the causes of the psychological trauma of the main characters in the novel and its impact on them. And warned people to consciously avoid inflicting or being traumatized. The third chapter expounds the characters' self-guidance in the face of psychological trauma. Through the analysis of their success and failure, the author hopes to provide some inspiration and reference to people's trauma in real life. Although there is no doubt about the negative effects of trauma, in the process of self-redemption for psychological trauma, some thought-provoking and self-enhancing forces will emerge, thus allowing the injured to form a sense of self. A new understanding of others and the whole of life. Chapter four summarizes the possible psychological improvement after trauma from three aspects: individual, others and the whole life. Psychological trauma may not be completely cured, but it can be slowly removed by hard work. With the healing and elimination of psychological trauma, the injured will overcome the fear of the shadow of the past and merge the past with the present, and begin a new chapter in life. And their later goals may become more noble, because the trauma gives them wisdom beyond the reach of ordinary people. It was what they paid a great price for, and thus became even more precious.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I712.074

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