从《1Q84》看村上春树的“身体”化写作

发布时间：2018-06-21 07:01

本文选题：村上春树 + “身体”化写作　；参考：《山东大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：现代哲学摆脱了道德和知识的束缚,重新审视“身体”一词,使之成为“自我”的代名词；同时“身体”与社会、历史关系密切,在人们认识自我的基础上成为认识自我与社会之间关系的必经途径。日本人最本源的与“身体”有关的精神来自于原始先民对自然的崇拜和散落于民间的情感、信仰以及古代神道和旧式礼仪。日本社会始终未能形成犹如中国古代社会中的较为系统的伦理学和道德规范,日本人也不存在西方人那种与生俱来的“原罪”负担；在日本文化中我们很难找到对可以约束行为的抽象的道德标准的注释,也较难看到最高信仰和真理给现实生活带来的未来感和虚无感。也就是说,日本本土最原始的文化根源中已经具备了一种摆脱道德和真理的双重责难的先天条件。这种精神的实质在一定程度上与现代哲学中的“身体”主体理论不谋而合,是日本作家自我意识与社会历史诉求的“身体”化特征的思想文化根源。村上春树的小说作品呈现出东西文化交融的“身体”化特征。作家在现实主义、现代主义与后现代主义交织的文化语境中登上文坛,在创作中面临着思想内容和艺术手法的多元选择。“身体”一直是村上小说中的重要内容。他的作品从思想内容到艺术表达上都给予“身体”充分关照。对“身体”的自觉写作是村上春树小说的特色之一。村上春树小说中的理性自觉和道德自觉要远远少于“身体”自觉。在村上春树的小说中“身体”的冲击力非常显著。作家往往通过直观的“身体”器官、朴实的“身体”知觉来强化对“存在感”的理解。“身体”连结“自我”与外部世界,“身体”的变化和“流动”引导情节发展。村上春树的小说从内容到形式上都在完成“身体”的出场。 2009年村上春树推出最新长篇小说《1Q84》。他在这部作品中所倾注的精力非同一般。作家首次直接面对社会和历史文化问题,显示出复杂的世界观和价值观。无论篇幅还是主题,《1Q84》都是村上春树最宏大的作品之一。要想全面了解村上春树就不能不仔细的研究《1Q84》,它是村上小说的重要组成部分。至此,村上春树有关“身体”的思考已趋于成熟。从“身体”角度研究《1Q84》是理解这部作品的有效途径,同时,《1Q84》也是研究村上春树“身体”化写作的典型文本。本论文以村上春树最新长篇小说《1Q84》为案例,研究作家以“身体”为中心的自我意识和社会历史诉求在文本中的表达。首先采用比较文学的方法梳理村上春树的东西方思想和创作环境,发掘村上春树“身体”化写作的思想根源和艺术特点；继而采用案例研究的方法,针对《1Q84》文本细节从思想内容和艺术手法两个方面分别考察村上春树自我表达和社会历史诉求的“身体”化内涵；最后针对《1Q84》的文本动向探讨村上春树“身体”化写作的发展趋势和创作困境。
[Abstract]:Modern philosophy has cast off the shackles of morality and knowledge and reexamined the word "body" to make it a synonym for "self", and at the same time, "body" is closely related to society and history. On the basis of people's understanding of self, it becomes the necessary way to understand the relationship between self and society. The most original Japanese spirit related to the "body" comes from the primitive ancestors' worship of nature and the scattered emotions, beliefs, ancient Shinto and old-style rituals. The Japanese society has never been able to form the more systematic ethics and moral norms in the ancient Chinese society, and the Japanese do not have the inherent burden of "original sin" of the Westerners. In Japanese culture, it is difficult to find the annotation of abstract moral standards which can restrain behavior, and it is also difficult to see the sense of future and nothingness brought about by the highest belief and truth in real life. In other words, Japan's original cultural roots already have a natural condition to get rid of the double blame of morality and truth. To some extent, the essence of this spirit coincides with the subject theory of "body" in modern philosophy, which is the ideological and cultural root of the "body" characteristic of Japanese writers' self-consciousness and social history. Haruki Murakami's novels show the characteristics of "body" in the blend of East and West cultures. In the cultural context of realism, modernism and postmodernism, writers are faced with multiple choices of ideological content and artistic techniques. Body has always been an important part of Murakami's novels. His works, from ideological content to artistic expression, give full attention to the body. The conscious writing of body is one of the features of Murakami's novels. The rational and moral consciousness in Murakami's novels is far less than the body consciousness. In Haruki Murakami's novels, the impact of body is very significant. Writers often strengthen their understanding of "sense of being" through intuitive "body" organs and simple perception of "body". The body connects the self with the outside world, the change of the body and the flow to guide the development of the plot. Murakami's novels are completing the appearance of "body" in both content and form. In 2009, Murakami launched the latest novel < 1Q84 >. He devoted a remarkable amount of energy to the work. For the first time, writers face social and historical and cultural problems directly, showing a complex world outlook and values. < 1 Q 84 > is one of Murakami's greatest works, regardless of its length or theme. In order to fully understand Murakami, we must study < 1Q84 >, which is an important part of Murakami's novels. So far, Haruki Murakami about the "body" thinking has tended to mature. The study of < 1Q84 > from the perspective of "body" is an effective way to understand this work, and < 1Q84 is also a typical text of studying Murakami's "body" writing. Taking Murakami Haruki's latest novel < 1Q84 > as an example, this paper studies the expression of the writer's self-consciousness and social historical appeal centered on "body" in the text. First of all, using comparative literature to sort out Murakami's eastern and western thoughts and creative environment, to explore the ideological roots and artistic characteristics of Murakami's "body" writing, and then to adopt the method of case study. In view of the details of < 1Q84 > text, the "body" connotation of Murakami's self-expression and social historical appeal is investigated from two aspects: ideological content and artistic technique. Finally, aiming at the text trend of < 1Q84 >, this paper discusses the development trend and creative dilemma of Murakami's "body" writing.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I313.074

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