毛姆长篇小说的自由主题

发布时间：2018-06-26 03:01

本文选题：毛姆 + 长篇小说　；参考：《河北师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：自由是文学的一个永恒主题。西方世界进入资本主义社会之后，现代性的飞速发展带来了思想文化、精神理念、情感认知方面的一系列变化，人类进入了对自身认识的崭新阶段。频繁出现的社会问题使人类不断反思自己的行为及后果，开始更多地关注自己的精神世界。毛姆以其敏锐的笔触对现代性背景下人类的自由问题进行思考，试图为迷茫中的知识分子寻找一条通往精神自由之路。在毛姆看来，自由的含义不仅是逃避、解脱，更是一种源于内心的感受。它包括人格尊严得到保证、个人主观能动性的充分发挥以及无私的人类之爱。而现代性语境下的自由恰恰越来越失去其仁爱的本性，成为一种畸形的以利己为目的的自由。毛姆立足于特定的时代背景，在对人类的生存状态加以审视的基础上提醒人们在这个自由边界无限扩大的社会中，紧紧把握自由的前提——仁爱。本文分为绪论、正文、结语三个部分。绪论部分介绍了毛姆在文学史上的地位，，综述国内外学者对其作品的研究概况。这些研究主要集中于作品的思想主题、人物形象、现代主义因素等方面。毛姆长篇小说的自由主题一直没有受到应有的关注。本文拟结合现代性的文化语境对毛姆长篇小说的自由主题加以解读。第一章主要论述现代性语境对毛姆思想创作造成的影响，同时阐明了现代性语境与自由主题之间的关系。第二章分析毛姆自由主题的文本表现。从主人公对自由的不同认识来挖掘作品所传达的自由含义，从摆脱束缚的自由到超然物外的自由，最终在艰难的跋涉之中摸索到了自由的真谛，至此毛姆完成了他的自由追求历程。第三章是毛姆的自由观及其成因。毛姆对自由的认识包括人格尊严得到保证、主观能动性的充分发挥。同时，现代社会自由的无限扩大不能违背仁爱这一本质，让自由与博爱并行。毛姆从小成长于英法两种文化之中又游历于东方各国，形成了他在特定时代背景下把仁爱作为中心的自由观，这种自由既有西方的冷静客观又不乏东方的仁爱超脱。结语部分指出了作品的思想价值和文化价值所在，它不仅为当时迷茫中的青年人提供了一种积极的思维方式，更能引发不同时代的读者对自身的反思，从而不断追求、自省以达到更加完善的人生境界同时又对文化建构有一定促进作用。
[Abstract]:Freedom is an eternal theme of literature . After the western world enters the capitalist society , the rapid development of modernity brings about a series of changes in the thought culture , the spiritual idea and the emotion cognition . Human beings have entered a brand - new stage of self - awareness . The frequent social problems cause the human beings to reflect on their behavior and consequences , and begin to pay more attention to their spiritual world .

In Maugham ' s view , the meaning of freedom is not only escape , liberation , but also an inner feeling . It includes personal dignity , personal subjective initiative and selfless human love .

This paper is divided into three parts : introduction , text and conclusion .

The introduction part introduces the status of Maugham in the history of literature , and summarizes the research situation of scholars at home and abroad on his works . These researches focus on the ideological theme , characters and modernism factors of the works . The free theme of Maugham ' s novel has not been paid attention to . This paper intends to interpret the free theme of Maugham ' s novels in combination with the cultural context of modernity .

The first chapter mainly discusses the influence of the modernity context on Maugham ' s thought creation , and expounds the relationship between the modernity context and the free theme .

The second chapter analyzes the textual representation of Maugham ' s free theme . From the different knowledge of the hero to freedom , the free meaning conveyed by the works is excavated . From the freedom to the outside , the free meaning of freedom is finally found in the difficult trudge , and then Maugham has finished his free pursuit .

The third chapter is Maugham ' s freedom view and its origin . Mao ' s understanding of freedom includes the guarantee of human dignity and the full play of subjective initiative . At the same time , the unlimited expansion of freedom of modern society cannot violate the essence of humanity .

The conclusion part points out the thought value and cultural value of the works , which not only provides a positive way of thinking for young people in the time , but also can arouse the readers ' reflection of themselves in different times .
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I561.074

【参考文献】