《法国中尉的女人》的拉康式解读

发布时间：2018-07-15 21:01

【摘要】：约翰·福尔斯是一名才华横溢的英国小说家。他一生中创作了许多作品，其中,《法国中尉的女人》最为成功，收获无数好评并令他享誉世界文坛。一直以来，评论家从各个角度对这部小说的分析层出不穷。但鲜有人用雅克·拉康的理论对男主人公查尔斯进行解读。本文拟从拉康的三界理论入手，旨在分析不同的“他者”与查尔斯自我之间的关系及“他者”对查尔斯心理发展的作用。本文由五部分构成：引言对作者生平、该小说的内容、国内外相关研究文献及拉康的主要理论做了简要介绍。第一章主要讨论了查尔斯的父辈作为“他者”对查尔斯自我建构的影响。生活在贵族家庭中，查尔斯从小就接受如何成为一个贵族的教育。于是他很早就意识到自己是上层社会中的一员，与此同时他接受并认同了维多利亚时代的传统价值观念，，形成了贵族阶级的世界观和价值观。查尔斯的维多利亚贵族自我由此建立起来。第二章讲述了萨拉作为“他者”对查尔斯自我的解构与重构。查尔斯在与萨拉的接触中开始意识到维多利亚时代的局限性和贵族自我的瑕疵。他虽一再抵制萨拉的影响，却在无意识中拉近了与萨拉的心灵距离，贵族自我开始逐渐瓦解。在萨拉的引导之下，查尔斯认同了萨拉的人际观、爱情观和自由精神观，对自我有了新的理解。在此基础上查尔斯建立起了追求自由的自我，同时他彻底抛弃了贵族自我的认识。第三章分析了大“他者”的介入如何导致查尔斯的迷失。走失一段时间后的萨拉以全新的面貌和艺术家的身份出现在查尔斯面前，此时的萨拉充当着大“他者”打破了查尔斯对其原有形象的幻想。查尔斯在认清现实之后，果断离萨拉而去。然而“他者”的缺失致使查尔斯对什么是自我和自我之所在更加感到困惑。结论部分揭示出“他者”决定着查尔斯的自我和心理发展这一事实，并指出唯有借助“他者”查尔斯才能建立起对人生和世界的看法。
[Abstract]:John Fowles is a brilliant English novelist. In his life, he created many works, of which the French Lieutenant's woman was the most successful, won numerous praise and made him famous in the world literary world. Critics have been analyzing the novel from various angles. But few people use Jacques Lacan's theory to interpret the hero Charles. This paper aims to analyze the relationship between different "other" and Charles's ego and the effect of "other" on Charles' psychological development from the perspective of Lacan's theory of three boundaries. This paper consists of five parts: the introduction gives a brief introduction to the author's life, the content of the novel, the relevant research literature at home and abroad and Lacan's main theory. The first chapter mainly discusses the influence of Charles' parents as "other" on Charles' self-construction. Living in an aristocratic family, Charles was taught how to become an aristocrat from an early age. So he realized very early that he was a member of the upper class, and at the same time he accepted and agreed with the traditional values of the Victorian era, forming the world outlook and values of the aristocratic class. The Victorian aristocracy of Charles was thus established. The second chapter discusses Sarah's deconstruction and reconstruction of Charles' self as the "other". In his contact with Sarah, Charles began to realize the limitations of the Victorian era and the imperfections of the aristocratic self. Despite his repeated resistance to Sarah's influence, he unconsciously drew closer to Sarah, and the aristocratic self began to crumble. Under Sarah's guidance, Charles agrees with Sarah's view of interpersonal, love and free spirit, and has a new understanding of herself. On this basis, Charles established the pursuit of free self, and he completely abandoned the understanding of aristocratic self. The third chapter analyzes how the intervention of the Great "other" leads to Charles' loss. Sarah appeared in front of Charles as an artist and a brand new face after a period of loss, when Sarah acted as the "other" and broke Charles' illusions about his original image. Charles decided to walk away from Sarah after he realized the reality. The absence of the other, however, made Charles even more confused about what he was and where he was. The conclusion part reveals the fact that the "other" determines Charles' self and psychological development, and points out that only with the help of "other" Charles can he establish his view of life and the world.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：I561.074

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