后殖民主义视角下的《百舌鸟之死》

发布时间：2018-09-13 12:18

【摘要】：哈珀·李（1926—）是美国一位成功的女作家。《百舌鸟之死》是她唯一出版的一部长篇小说。她继承了美国南方文学传统并重现了二十世纪三十年代黑人的悲惨境况。以法侬，福柯，赛义德和霍米巴巴的后殖民理论为基础，论文拟从后殖民主义角度解析该小说。哈珀·李在二十世纪六十年代早期被视为南方重要的作家之一。她受其他南方作家威廉·卡斯伯特·福克纳、罗伯特·佩恩·沃伦和托马斯·沃尔夫影响，继承了美国南方文学传统并再现了二十世纪三十年代美国黑人在南部地区的悲惨的境况，突破南方传统，为重建南方社会和文化身份做出努力。小说中梅康姆镇不同的白人对待黑人的态度以及种族偏见给黑人带来的巨大的伤害。但哈珀·李毕竟是一位白人作家，她在对黑人的生活状况叙述中同样不自觉地流露出白人的优越感，小说以白人阿瑟故事开始，穿插了黑人汤姆的冤案，，最后以阿瑟杀死要伤害接杰姆兄妹的埃威尔结束,小说最终呈现完美结局,整部小说不经意呈现了白人为主的故事。基于被诬告的黑人汤姆、厨娘卡尔波尼亚和秀拉的分析看出，黑人只是白人的附属品，在种族、文化以及身份方面处于“他者”的位置，遭受着白人的欺辱和压迫。关于消除种族歧视和改变黑人的生存状况，她提出在白人统治的社会里，黑人是温顺和接受教育不足的群体，只能依靠白人的保护。黑人所能做的事情只是等待白人的良心发现和救赎。哈珀·李把白人儿童成长和促进南方社会道德回归结合在一起，帮助他们在成长过程中完成了个人身份的追寻。同时，哈珀·李批评了美国南方旧社会历史的丑陋。作者指出在南方重建过程中南方社会拥有积极的一面。以儿童的视角，表达了她对南方未来的信心和期望。她指出美国南方社会应该由黑人和白人共同掌握，南方白人应当摆脱旧传统而与黑人建立新的南方。儿童斯科特和吉姆代表着打破旧南方传统和重建新南方社会的希望。
[Abstract]:Harper Lee (1926 -) is a successful American woman writer. She inherited the American Southern literary tradition and recreated the tragic situation of black people in the 1930 s. Based on the postcolonial theories of Farnon, Foucault, said and HomiBaba, the thesis attempts to analyze the novel from the perspective of post-colonialism. Harper Lee was regarded as one of the most important writers in the South in the early 1960 s. She was influenced by other Southern writers, William Cuthbert Faulkner, Robert Payne Warren and Thomas Wolfe, It inherits the American southern literary tradition and reproduces the tragic situation of the black Americans in the southern region in the 1930s. It breaks through the southern tradition and makes efforts to rebuild the southern social and cultural identity. In the novel, different white people in the town of Mercomm deal with black people and racial prejudice does great harm to black people. But Harper Lee is a white writer, and in her narration of the living conditions of black people, she also unconsciously reveals the superiority of white people. The novel begins with the story of white Arthur, interspersing the wrongs of black Tom. In the end, Arthur kills the brother and sister of Jim in order to hurt the brother and sister Evell, the novel finally presents a perfect ending, the whole novel inadvertently presents the white-dominated story. Based on the false accusation of black Tom, chef Carl Bonnier and Sheila, it can be seen that blacks are just white adjuncts, who are in the position of "the other" in race, culture and identity, and are oppressed and oppressed by white people. With regard to eliminating racial discrimination and changing the living conditions of black people, she suggested that in a society ruled by white people, blacks are submissive and undereducated and can only rely on the protection of whites. All that a black man can do is to wait for the white man's conscience and redemption. Harper Lee combines the growth of white children with the promotion of the moral return of Southern society, helping them to complete their personal identity in the process of growing up. Meanwhile, Harper Lee criticized the ugliness of the old history of the American South. The author points out that the southern society has a positive side in the process of reconstruction. From the perspective of children, she expressed her confidence and expectations for the future of the South. She pointed out that the southern society of the United States should be jointly controlled by blacks and whites, and that whites in the South should break away from the old tradition and build a new South with blacks. The children Scott and Jim represent the hope of breaking the traditions of the old South and rebuilding the new South.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I712.074

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