保罗的自我探寻—《儿子与情人》中拉康的镜像阶段理论解读

发布时间：2018-11-27 21:14

【摘要】：大卫·赫伯特·劳伦斯作为英国著名的和世界最有争议的作家之一,不仅在中短篇小说、故事,诗歌,而且在散文、翻译,剧作方面都很有造诣。《儿子与情人》,作为劳伦斯的代表作之一也是其半自传体的一部小说,在二十世纪的众多作品中具有重要的影响力。与十九世纪早期的诸如维吉尼亚·伍尔夫,詹姆士·乔伊斯等作家不同,劳伦斯不再重视激进的创作技巧,转而进行新颖的创作,关注年轻主人公保罗的心理发展。这篇论文试从拉康的“镜像阶段”理论探求保罗追求自我的过程,试图分析保罗受到折磨的根源,即在母亲心目中自己完美想象的误认所导致的灵魂和肉体的分离。第一章首先回顾了国内外对于《儿子与情人》的不同研究角度,比如说马克思主义角度,女性角度,主要以弗洛伊德理论为基础的心理分析角度(俄狄浦斯情结)等等。之后,介绍了拉康的镜像阶段理论。第二章提出“他者”这一在拉康理论特别是拉康镜像阶段理论的重要概念。莫雷尔太太,作为对保罗最重要的“他者”,在保罗很小的时候就起着十分重要的作用。从那时,保罗的自我就已经“形成”了。那就是做他母亲喜欢的事情。就像在前镜像阶段的婴儿,保罗无法区分自己与母亲的区别。第三章主要讲述了米丽安和克莱拉作为“他者”对保罗的影响。在遇到她们之后,保罗不知不觉逐渐地形成了与母亲不同的想法。但是,他依然坚持追求在之前形成的自我。这就使他陷入痛苦的境地。这里,保罗的情况像极了那些处于镜像阶段能够区分自己和母体的孩子。第四章展现了保罗追寻自我的失败。随着“父亲”的介入和母亲的去世,保罗不可能找到符合母亲愿望的理想自我。因此,保罗变得更加痛苦。最后一部分是文章的结论。旨在进一步说明,人们在追求他人心目中完美自我形象的同时,更重要的是要遵循自身的需求,以便寻求到真正的自我。
[Abstract]:David Herbert Lawrence, one of Britain's famous and most controversial writers in the world, is accomplished not only in short and medium-sized novels, stories, poems, but also in prose, translation, and drama. As one of Lawrence's masterpieces and his semi-autobiographical novel, it has an important influence in many works in the 20th century. Unlike the early 19th century writers such as Virginia Woolf and James Joyce Lawrence no longer attached importance to radical creative techniques and instead engaged in novel works focusing on the psychological development of Paul the young protagonist. This paper tries to explore the process of Paul's pursuit of self from Lacan's "mirror stage" theory, and tries to analyze the root of Paul's suffering, that is, the separation of soul and body caused by his perfect imagination in his mother's mind. The first chapter reviews the different research angles of "son and lover" at home and abroad, such as the angle of Marxism, the angle of women, the angle of psychoanalysis based on Freud theory (Oedipus complex) and so on. Then, it introduces Lacan's theory of mirror stage. The second chapter puts forward the important concept of "the other" in Lacan's theory, especially in Lacan's mirror stage theory. Mrs. Morrel, as the most important other to Paul, played a very important role when Paul was very young. Since then, Paul's self has been "formed". That is to do what his mother likes. Like babies in the pre-mirror phase, Paul was unable to distinguish himself from his mother. The third chapter mainly tells the influence of Miriam and Clara on Paul as the other. After meeting them, Paul unwittingly developed a different idea from his mother. However, he persisted in the pursuit of the self he had formed before. This put him in a painful position. Here, Paul looks like a child who is mirrored and able to distinguish himself from his mother. Chapter four shows Paul's failure to pursue himself. With the intervention of the Father and the death of his mother, Paul could not find his ideal self. As a result, Paul became more painful. The last part is the conclusion of the article. The purpose of this paper is to show that while people are pursuing the perfect self-image of others, it is more important to follow their own needs in order to find their true self.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I561.074

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