从文学文体学的角度分析《小镇畸人》中的《纸团》，《母亲》，《死亡》
发布时间：2019-03-17 15:18
【摘要】：《小镇畸人》是美国作家安德森的代表作，全书由22个独立的故事组成，讲述了美国由农业社会向工业社会发展的过程中一个叫温斯堡的小镇上所发生的故事。小镇上的居民由于不能适应这种变化和各种各样的个人原因，封闭自己而不被外界接受以至变成了人们口中的“畸人”。实际上这是一群善良，内心充满热情与梦想的人，因为不知道该如何表达自己而无法与他人接触，也渐渐失去了在社会上立足的机会。《小镇畸人》的每个故事各成一体，但是它们之间又互相联系，共同构成一个整体。这种写作风格在美国文学史上开创了一个先河，并直接影响了后来的作家，例如福克纳的约克纳塔法世系小说系列以及海明威的尼克亚当斯系列小说都体现了《小镇畸人》的影响力。同时，《小镇畸人》的语言风格也别树一帜。在其简洁的语言之下，却蕴藏着深刻的主题与涵义。因此本论文选取《小镇畸人》里面具有代表性的三个故事《纸团》，《母亲》以及《死亡》进行文体分析。 首先通过对安德森刻画人物时使用语言的词汇分析，以及对三个故事整体的词汇层面的分析，本论文得出结论：安德森在塑造人物的时候使用的词语多为简单词常用的词语。通过这些词语安德森向读者展示了一群外表怪异，内心善良的人们。其次，通过对包括句子类型的分析，以及句子复杂程度的分析，本论文得出结论，在使用陈述句描写故事的同时，安德森在《母亲》以及《死亡》中使用了一部分的疑问句和感叹句。通过这些句子，安德森表达了人物的内心世界。在句子复杂程度这一方面，安德森使用的句子大多数为短剧以及简单句。可见安德森的语言主要以通俗简单为主，但这些通俗简单的句子有往往包含着深刻的含义。最后在文章的衔接手段这一部分，，最突出的一个特点就是词汇衔接。在词汇衔接这一层面，安德森主要使用了重复之一手段。通过同一词语的反复出现，安德森顺利的把文章构成一个整体，并体现了他所要表达中心思想。除了词汇衔接手段，安德森还使用指代以及连接等衔接手段，使文章结构统一。 通过本论文研究表明使用文体学相关理论方法对《小镇畸人》进行分析的可行性。安德森的语言有其鲜明突出的特点，除了传统意义上的文学批评手段，借助于文体学的相关理论知识，对其语言进行分析以探讨故事所蕴含的深刻含义是十分可行以及有必要的。这样可以使读者从不同层面跟好地理解安德森的作品。这些都值得学者们的关注以及进一步的深入研究。
[Abstract]:A masterpiece of American writer Andersen, the book consists of 22 separate stories about what happened in a small town called Fort Winsberg in the course of America's development from agricultural society to industrial society. Because of their inability to adapt to this change and various personal reasons, the inhabitants of the town have closed themselves up without being accepted by the outside world and become what people call "freaks". In fact, this is a group of kind-hearted, passionate and dreamy people, because they don't know how to express themselves and can't get in touch with others, and they gradually lose their chance to stand in society. But they are connected to each other and form a whole together. This style of writing pioneered the history of American literature and directly influenced later writers. Faulkner's Yorknata fascist series and Hemingway's Nick Adams series, for example, reflect the influence of the Little Town Tertiary. At the same time, the language style of "the town freak" is also unique. Under its concise language, there are profound themes and meanings. Therefore, this paper selects three representative stories, "Paper Troupe", "Mother" and "death", to analyze the stylistic style. First of all, through the analysis of the words used by Anderson in describing the characters and the lexical level of the three stories as a whole, this paper draws the conclusion that most of the words used by Anderson when he portrays the characters are the words commonly used in the simple words. Through these words Anderson shows the reader a group of strange-looking and kind-hearted people. Secondly, through the analysis of sentence types and sentence complexity, this paper draws the conclusion that the narrative sentence is used to describe the story at the same time. Anderson used part of the questions and exclamations in Mother and death. Through these sentences, Anderson expresses the inner world of the character. In terms of sentence complexity, most of the sentences Anderson uses are short plays and simple sentences. It can be seen that Anderson's language is mainly simple and popular, but these simple sentences often contain profound meaning. Finally, in this part of the article, the most prominent feature is lexical cohesion. At the level of lexical cohesion, Anderson mainly uses one of the means of repetition. Through the repetition of the same word, Anderson smoothly forms a whole article, and embodies the central idea he wants to express. In addition to lexical cohesion, Anderson also uses nomenclature and conjunction to unify the structure of the article. Through the research in this paper, the feasibility of using stylistic theory to analyze the small town teratoses is proved to be feasible. Anderson's language has its distinctive characteristics. In addition to the traditional means of literary criticism, with the help of the relevant theoretical knowledge of stylistics, It is feasible and necessary to analyze its language to explore the profound meaning of the story. This allows readers to understand Anderson's work at different levels. These are worthy of the scholars' attention and further in-depth research.
【学位授予单位】：河北科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I712.074
本文编号：2442424
[Abstract]:A masterpiece of American writer Andersen, the book consists of 22 separate stories about what happened in a small town called Fort Winsberg in the course of America's development from agricultural society to industrial society. Because of their inability to adapt to this change and various personal reasons, the inhabitants of the town have closed themselves up without being accepted by the outside world and become what people call "freaks". In fact, this is a group of kind-hearted, passionate and dreamy people, because they don't know how to express themselves and can't get in touch with others, and they gradually lose their chance to stand in society. But they are connected to each other and form a whole together. This style of writing pioneered the history of American literature and directly influenced later writers. Faulkner's Yorknata fascist series and Hemingway's Nick Adams series, for example, reflect the influence of the Little Town Tertiary. At the same time, the language style of "the town freak" is also unique. Under its concise language, there are profound themes and meanings. Therefore, this paper selects three representative stories, "Paper Troupe", "Mother" and "death", to analyze the stylistic style. First of all, through the analysis of the words used by Anderson in describing the characters and the lexical level of the three stories as a whole, this paper draws the conclusion that most of the words used by Anderson when he portrays the characters are the words commonly used in the simple words. Through these words Anderson shows the reader a group of strange-looking and kind-hearted people. Secondly, through the analysis of sentence types and sentence complexity, this paper draws the conclusion that the narrative sentence is used to describe the story at the same time. Anderson used part of the questions and exclamations in Mother and death. Through these sentences, Anderson expresses the inner world of the character. In terms of sentence complexity, most of the sentences Anderson uses are short plays and simple sentences. It can be seen that Anderson's language is mainly simple and popular, but these simple sentences often contain profound meaning. Finally, in this part of the article, the most prominent feature is lexical cohesion. At the level of lexical cohesion, Anderson mainly uses one of the means of repetition. Through the repetition of the same word, Anderson smoothly forms a whole article, and embodies the central idea he wants to express. In addition to lexical cohesion, Anderson also uses nomenclature and conjunction to unify the structure of the article. Through the research in this paper, the feasibility of using stylistic theory to analyze the small town teratoses is proved to be feasible. Anderson's language has its distinctive characteristics. In addition to the traditional means of literary criticism, with the help of the relevant theoretical knowledge of stylistics, It is feasible and necessary to analyze its language to explore the profound meaning of the story. This allows readers to understand Anderson's work at different levels. These are worthy of the scholars' attention and further in-depth research.
【学位授予单位】：河北科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I712.074
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