《慈悲》的叙事技巧研究

发布时间：2019-04-10 14:46

【摘要】：作为美国黑人女作家托尼·莫里森的第九部小说，《慈悲》以17世纪80年代北美洲的一个农场为背景，讲述了各个人物的不幸经历和复杂情感，揭示了北美殖民地初期蓄奴制对各类奴隶造成的伤害以及白人自由人在精神上受到的奴役。莫里森小说中的叙事技巧一直是学术界关注的热点。本文试从叙述视角、不可靠叙述和空间叙事三个方面来探讨《慈悲》中的叙事技巧。首先，本文以叙述视角为切入点，，阐述了莫里森如何利用叙述视角的转换来调节读者、人物、叙述者之间的距离。其次，通过应用詹姆斯·费伦的不可靠叙述理论，本文探讨了弗劳伦斯的不可靠叙述，探究造成其不可靠叙述的原因以及使用这种叙事技巧的修辞效果。最后，根据加布里尔·佐伦的空间叙事理论，本文从地志空间、社会空间和文本空间三个方面分析《慈悲》的空间叙事艺术，揭示了蓄奴制在严重残害各类奴隶的同时，也导致一些白人在对财富的欲求中走向迷失。通过使用叙述视角、不可靠叙述和空间叙事这三种叙事技巧，莫里森获得了解决人类所面临的困境的话语权威。这三种叙事技巧在《慈悲》的人物刻画和主题表达上起到了重要的作用。通过文本分析，本文揭示出莫里森的思想超越了种族的局限，《慈悲》彰显了她对历史、社会和人性的深刻洞察。
[Abstract]:As the ninth novel by black American writer Tony Morrison, Mercy, set against a farm in North America in the 1780s, tells about the unfortunate experiences and complex emotions of various characters. It reveals the damage caused by slavery in the early colonial period of North America and the spiritual enslavement of white liberals. The narrative techniques in Morrison's novels have always been the focus of academic attention. This paper attempts to explore the narrative techniques in mercy from three aspects: narrative perspective, unreliable narrative and spatial narrative. First of all, this paper discusses how Morrison adjusts the distance between readers, characters and narrators through the transformation of narrative perspective from the perspective of narration. Secondly, through the application of James Ferren's unreliable narrative theory, this paper probes into the unreliable narration of Fr Lawrence, explores the reasons for its unreliable narration and the rhetorical effect of using this narrative technique. Finally, according to Gabriel Zoran's spatial narrative theory, this paper analyzes the spatial narrative art of mercy from three aspects: the geodetic space, the social space and the textual space, and reveals that the enslavement system is at the same time seriously maiming all kinds of slaves. It also led some whites to be lost in their quest for wealth. Through the use of narrative perspective, unreliable narrative and spatial narrative techniques, Morrison gained the discourse authority to solve the dilemma faced by human beings. These three narrative techniques play an important role in the character description and theme expression of mercy. Through the text analysis, this paper reveals that Morrison's thought transcends the limitation of race, and shows her deep insight into history, society and humanity.
【学位授予单位】：黑龙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I712.074

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