从关联理论的角度分析赵本山小品的幽默

发布时间：2018-04-25 18:50

本文选题：言语幽默 + 关联理论　；参考：《华中师范大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：幽默话语诙谐,有趣,折射出人们的智慧和人生态度。长时间以来,不同的学者从不同的领域对幽默做了大量的研究。这些研究大都集中探讨“幽默的本质是什么”。然而,近年来,随着语言学理论的兴起、发展和壮大,尤其是语用学的逐渐成熟,我们今天对幽默的研究有了更宽的视野和更新的角度。赵本山的小品具有浓厚的乡土气息,语言风趣幽默,特点鲜明。但是目前对赵本山小品的研究仅仅停留在对其语言风格的分析和评述上面,而较少运用语言学的理论。本文试图以Sperber和Wilson提出的关联理论为框架,对赵本山小品中的幽默语言进行分析研究。按照关联理论,寻求最佳关联的理解包括对言语幽默的处理和幽默效果的获得。由于在言语幽默中最大关联与最佳关联分别指向不同的交际意义,因此可以说,言语幽默来自于最大关联与最佳关联之间的意义反差。在言语幽默中,幽默发出者为了达到特殊的幽默效果,总是会使用一定的幽默策略,然后运用相应的语言手段使幽默理解者获得全面的认知愉悦效果。运用这一基本概念,本文首先从词源学的角度解释了幽默一词的发展历史,介绍了语言学和语用学在幽默研究中的理论成果。指出关联理论在幽默研究方面受到了突出重视。其次,本文介绍了关联理论的主要观点,包括关联的定义,语境的概念,关联原则以及关联理论框架下的言语理解过程。最后笔者阐述了关联理论与幽默之间的关系。然后,本文以赵本山小品中的幽默语言为语料,运用关联理论的观点从两个方面具体分析了赵本山小品中言语幽默的幽默策略。笔者认为,改变听话者的认知环境是幽默效果产生的策略之一,将隐含的话语解释转化成最佳关联解释是幽默产生的另一策略。在语料分析的基础上,笔者总结了赵本山在实现这些策略时运用的语言手段。通过对赵本山小品中经典幽默语言的分析,笔者发现关联理论在解读赵本山小品的言语幽默方面具有很强的适用性。
[Abstract]:Humorous words are witty and interesting, reflecting people's wisdom and attitude towards life. For a long time, different scholars have done a lot of research on humor from different fields. Most of these studies focus on "what is the essence of humor". However, in recent years, with the rise and development of linguistic theories, especially the maturation of pragmatics, we have a wider perspective and a renewed perspective on humor today. Zhao Benshan's sketch has a strong local flavor, language humor, distinctive characteristics. But at present, the study of Zhao Benshan's essay only focuses on the analysis and comment of his language style, and seldom uses the linguistic theory. Based on the relevance theory proposed by Sperber and Wilson, this paper attempts to analyze the humorous language in Zhao Benshan's essays. According to relevance theory, the understanding of seeking the best relevance includes the processing of verbal humor and the acquisition of humorous effects. Since the maximum relevance and the best relevance point to different communicative meanings in verbal humor, it can be said that verbal humor comes from the contrast of meaning between the maximum relevance and the best relevance. In verbal humor, in order to achieve a special humorous effect, the humorist will always use a certain humorous strategy, and then use the corresponding language means to make the humorist achieve a comprehensive cognitive pleasure effect. Using this basic concept, this paper first explains the history of the word humor from the perspective of etymology, and introduces the theoretical achievements of linguistics and pragmatics in the study of humor. It is pointed out that relevance theory has received great attention in humor research. Secondly, this paper introduces the main viewpoints of relevance theory, including the definition of relevance, the concept of context, the principle of relevance and the process of speech comprehension under the framework of relevance theory. Finally, the author expounds the relationship between relevance theory and humor. Then, using the humorous language in Zhao Benshan's essay as the corpus, this paper analyzes the humorous strategies of the verbal humor in the essay from two aspects by using the theory of relevance. The author holds that changing the cognitive environment of the hearer is one of the strategies to produce the humorous effect, and that it is another strategy to transform the implied utterance into the best relevance explanation. On the basis of corpus analysis, the author summarizes the linguistic means used by Zhao Benshan in realizing these strategies. Through the analysis of the classical humorous language in Zhao Benshan's essay, the author finds that relevance theory has a strong applicability in interpreting the verbal humor of Zhao Benshan skit.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：J827;H13

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