从“体”到“有机统一体”:“体”的转义与回归

发布时间：2017-12-27 22:09

本文关键词：从“体”到“有机统一体”:“体”的转义与回归　出处：《江海学刊》2014年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】："结构"是"文体"范畴的重要因素,但往往被人们所忽略。其实古今中外的文学理论批评大多都很重视作品的结构。在谈及作品的结构时,西方的文论家常常使用"organic unity"(有机统一体)这个观念,中国古代的文论家则往往使用"体"这个范畴,并且两者都把作品的结构看成是如同人的身体、生命般的完整存在。可见"体"和"organic unity"在"结构"这一层面上可以沟通。尽管如此,"体"与"organic unity"仍然有着原初的分歧。"organic"经历了从工具、机械到生命、器官的词义演变,并且这整个过程一直都处在科学的、理性的视野之中;而"体"的源与流则始终贯注着盎然的生命力,充盈着"近取诸身"的原始诗性智慧。可见两者又可以相济互补。在这个意义上,"体"的内涵应该进行一次现代性的转换,亦即转向"结构"这一新义,并与西方文论中的"结构"观点以及"organic unity"概念相互赠答。而事实上,"体"的原始意涵本来就有"结构"之义,所以"体"的现代性转换其实也是一种创造性的回归。
[Abstract]:"Structure" is an important factor in the category of "style", but it is often ignored by people. In fact, most of the literary and literary criticism, both ancient and modern, and at home and abroad attach great importance to the structure of the works. In the structure about works, western literary theory often use "organic unity" (unity) of this concept, Chinese ancient literary theorists often use the "body" in this category, and both the structure of the works as like the human body, life like a complete existence. It can be seen that the "body" and "organic unity" can be communicated on the "structure" level. In spite of this, the "body" and "organic unity" still have the original disagreement. "Organic" has evolved from tools, machinery to life, organ meanings, and the whole process has been in a scientific and rational view; and the "source and body" is always filled with abundant vitality, full of "original poetic wisdom nearly taken from the body. It can be seen that the two can be complementary to each other. In this sense, the connotation of "body" should be a modern conversion, that is to "structure" and the meanings and the western literary theory of "structure" and "organic unity" view concept of mutual conversation. In fact, the original meaning of "body" has the meaning of "structure", so the transformation of the modernity of "body" is also a kind of creative return.
【作者单位】：武汉大学文学院博士后流动站;
【基金】：国家社科基金重大项目“中国文化关键词研究”(项目号:12&ZD153)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：I06
【正文快照】： “体”是中国古代文论的核心范畴,也是一系列合成词术语的“词根”。对于文学作品之“体”,亦即“文体”,人们往往津津乐道于它的三层内涵———“体裁”(文类)、“体势”(语体)和“体貌”(风格),却似乎忽略了作为“结构”的“体”。而当人们为将“文体”翻译成genre或style

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