救赎：《天路历程》与《追风筝的人》比较研究

发布时间：2018-04-22 22:38

本文选题：《天路历程》 + 《追风筝的人》　；参考：《华中师范大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：约翰·班扬是英国著名的作家与牧师,因其著作《天路历程》而成名。他一生中读得最多的书就是基督教最经典的著作《圣经》,正因为他对《圣经》的熟知,才写出了影响无数人的经典著作《天路历程》。《天路历程》事实上是以寓言的形式生动形象地解释《圣经》中的教义。该书讲述了一个名叫基督徒的人是如何为摆脱缠累在身上的罪的包袱而奔走天路去寻求救赎的历程。卡勒德·胡赛尼是当代颇负盛名的畅销书作家,出生于有着伊斯兰教信仰背景的阿富汗。他的小说《追风筝的人》就是阿富汗为背景写成的,与其自身的经历息息相关。该书一经出版,立即风靡全球,使作者一夜成名。《追风筝的人》讲述了主人公阿米尔在童年时期背叛了最忠实于自己的朋友,于成年后为了赎罪而踏上“再次成为好人的路”的经历。虽然两位作家生活在宗教文化背景差异极为悬殊的环境中,且属于不同的时代,但他们却对人类的未来有着共同的忧虑。他们以一颗悲天悯人的心写出了自己的心声,想要为人类寻找出路。这些差异与相似之处都体现在他们各自的作品《天路历程》与《追风筝的人》中。这两部作品都具有浓厚的宗教气息,两种不同的信仰在两位主人公的身上明显地反映出来。在《天路历程》中,基督教因信称义的救赎思想在主人公基督徒的身上完全体现出来。而在《追风筝的人》中,从阿米尔身上可以看到伊斯兰教中特别注重义行的教义。尽管两种宗教有着本质的区别,它们却都反映出共同的人文精神,即它们关注人们的内心世界,尤其是对那些犯了罪且被良心所谴责的人。这样的人生活在痛苦当中,无法宽恕自己,只有通过赎罪,他们才能得到内心的平安与自由。两部作品中的主人公基督徒与阿米尔就是这样在罪中饱受折磨的人,被罪所捆绑,得不到自由释放。因此,他们踏上了寻找救赎的路,虽然遭遇了不少折磨与患难,但最终找到了救赎之路,从罪的捆绑中摆脱出来,重获了身心的自由,最终获得了新的生命。虽然《天路历程》与《追风筝的人》写于不同的年代,但它们却体现出了共同的“危机”意识,明显是受到“末世情结”的影响。在《天路历程》中,通过基督徒最终找到永恒之国的结局,可以明显看出基督教的希望末世观,即世界末日并不是真的末日,乃是审判的日子,以及永恒之国的开端。对此,伊斯兰教有着相似的观点,在《追风筝的人》中亦有所体现。面对末世的来临,人类如何才能找到出路?灵魂如何得到救赎?对于这个答案,两部作品却有着对人类未来的不同态度。在《天路历程》中,基督徒成功地抵达上帝之城暗示着如果人类回归信仰,就会有光明的未来。而在《追风筝的人》中,作品并没有给出一个清楚的结局,只以“我追”作为结束,这似乎暗示着人类的未来是不确定的,就像那在天空中飞翔的风筝一样。
[Abstract]:John Benjen is a famous English writer and pastor who became famous for his book the Journey of Heaven. The most read book of his life was the Bible, the most classic of Christianity, because of his familiarity with the Bible. In fact, it is in the form of fables to vividly explain the teachings of the Bible. The book tells the story of a Christian man seeking redemption from the burden of sin. Khaled Husseini is a contemporary best-selling writer born in Afghanistan with an Islamic faith background. His novel Kite Hunter, written in Afghanistan, is closely related to his own experience. As soon as the book was published, it became popular all over the world and made the author famous overnight. The Kite Flower tells of Amir, the protagonist, who betrayed his most faithful friend in childhood. The experience of becoming good again in adulthood for atonement. Although the two writers live in a very different environment of religious and cultural backgrounds and belong to different times, they share common worries about the future of human beings. They wrote their hearts with compassion and wanted to find a way out for mankind. These differences and similarities are reflected in their respective works the course of Heaven and the Kite pursuers. The two works have a strong religious flavor, two different beliefs are clearly reflected in the two protagonists. In the course of Heaven, the Christian redemption thought of justification for faith is fully embodied in the protagonist Christians. In Kite pursuers, you can see from Amir that Islam pays special attention to the doctrine of righteousness. Despite the essential differences between the two religions, they both reflect a common humanistic spirit, that is, they are concerned about the inner world of people, especially those who have committed crimes and have been condemned by their conscience. Such people live in pain, can not forgive themselves, only through atonement, they can obtain inner peace and freedom. The protagonists of the two works, Christians and Amir, are thus tortured by sin and are not free to be released. Therefore, they set foot on the road to salvation, although they encountered a lot of torment and tribulation, they finally found the way of redemption, freed themselves from the bondage of sin, regained the freedom of mind and body, and finally gained a new life. Although "the course of Heaven" and "the Kite pursuers" are written in different ages, they embody a common sense of "crisis" and are obviously influenced by the "apocalyptic complex". In the course of Heaven, it is obvious that the Christian outlook of hope is that the end of the world is not the real end, but the day of judgment and the beginning of the eternal nation. Islam has a similar view of this, which is also reflected in Kite Catcher. In the face of the coming of the last world, how can human beings find a way out? How can the soul be saved? For this answer, the two works have a different attitude to the future of mankind. In the Journey of Heaven, the successful arrival of Christians in the City of God implies a bright future if humans return to faith. In Kite pursuers, however, the work does not give a clear ending, ending with "I chase", which seems to suggest that the future of mankind is uncertain, just like the kite flying in the sky.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：I0-03;I106

【引证文献】