回归天地之心—论禅境山水诗英译中的译者本位

发布时间：2018-05-01 05:22

本文选题：山水诗 + 禅　；参考：《上海外国语大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文探讨了在英译中国古代山水诗中如何传达禅境的问题。文章分为四章：第一章阐释了道和禅在中国思想传统中的影响。道以流动无形的“气”为元范畴，宇宙即是生生不息、浑涵宁静的生命流动，即“气”；禅则是在心性的返璞归真中与自然和宇宙合一。两者都注重心境的冥默清虚，即放下自我本位，超脱世俗干涉，凭着生命本身的灵境感知宇宙的生命节律，从而达到“天人合一”；第二章说明两者与中国山水诗创作的关系——“诗者，天地之心也”，尤其是在山水诗中，道和禅的心境表现为空寂的山水，虚静的凝思和生命的本真。通过清虚的自然，诗人昭示着文字背后的渊默境界——“宁静的排钟”，在此境界里，简净透明的文字作为诗的语言，与诗人内心的自然连同宇宙本身的自然融为一体，消泯了一切世俗语言的痕迹；第三章阐释了传统中西译论在译者与文本的关系、译者主体性方面的差别，以及这种差别的思想渊源，并引用例证说明这些差别会影响到最终的翻译结果。西方文化重视智识下的统筹与对立，在诗学上也有酒神与日神之传统，相应地，在译学上，西方学者重视实质与实用，因此按照传统西方翻译理论，无法通达中国山水诗与世无涉的宇宙直觉灵境。要达到这种境界，译者要脱离世俗的境地，完全沉浸在原诗背后那种“天人合一”的渊默境界里，体会那种冥默清虚的“道”，并以自然的语言映照内心的直觉灵境；第四章从玄翻译学的角度论述了这种翻译思想的本质，即，在对一切现成理论体系的解构中，，发现诗歌背后的“纯语言”。不同的文字，不同的行文方式，甚至对于宇宙本体的不同观照方式，都不能阻挡同一个自然通过纯语言在中西文化之间产生共鸣。一方面，诗歌是人类存在共同的源境域；另一方面，中西文化在直觉灵性上亦有共通之处。因此译者要实现的不是一种“动态对等”而是一种“动态共鸣”，一种穿越不同时空、不同言语、不同认识论的共同语言，亦即“纯语言”，在此，译者便实现了诗歌的宇宙境界。
[Abstract]:This paper discusses how to convey Zen in the translation of ancient Chinese landscape poems. The article is divided into four chapters: The first chapter explains the influence of Tao and Zen in Chinese tradition of thought. The Tao takes the flowing invisible "Qi" as the basic category, the universe is endless, contains the tranquil life flow, namely "Qi", Zen is in the mind nature returns to nature and the universe unifies. Both of them pay attention to the imperceptible clarity of the state of mind, that is, to put aside the self-standard, to get rid of the secular interference, and to perceive the rhythm of the universe with the spiritual state of life itself, so as to achieve "the unity of heaven and man". The second chapter explains the relationship between them and the creation of Chinese landscape poems-"the poetic person, the heart of heaven and earth", especially in the landscape poetry, the Taoism and Zen state of mind is manifested as the empty landscape, the empty and still thinking and the life's essence. Through the empty nature of the Qing Dynasty, the poet reveals the profound realm behind the text, "the quiet Bell Pai". In this realm, the simple and transparent words, as the language of poetry, are integrated with the nature of the poet's heart and the nature of the universe itself. Erasing all traces of worldly language; Chapter three explains the relationship between the translator and the text, the differences in the translator's subjectivity, and the ideological origin of the differences, and cites examples to illustrate that these differences will affect the final translation results. Western culture attaches importance to the coordination and opposition of wisdom, and poetics also has the tradition of "Dionysus" and "Sun God". Accordingly, in translation studies, Western scholars attach importance to substance and practicality, therefore, according to the traditional western translation theory, Unable to understand Chinese landscape poetry and the universe without any connection with the intuitive spiritual state. In order to achieve this kind of state, the translator should break away from the worldly situation, immerse himself in the profound realm of "the unity of nature and man" behind the original poem, realize the "Tao" which is pure and empty, and reflect the intuitive spiritual state of his heart with the natural language. Chapter four discusses the essence of this translation thought from the perspective of metaphysics, that is, in the deconstruction of all ready-made theoretical systems, we find the "pure language" behind poetry. Different words, different ways of writing and even different ways of viewing the universe ontology can not prevent the same nature from resonating between Chinese and western cultures through pure language. On the one hand, poetry is the common source of human beings; on the other hand, Chinese and Western cultures share the same intuition and spirituality. So what the translator wants to achieve is not a dynamic equivalence, but a dynamic resonance, a common language across time and space, different speech, different epistemology, or "pure language," here. The translator realizes the universal realm of poetry.
【学位授予单位】：上海外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H315.9;I046

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